Advances in Rodent Experimental Models of Sepsis
In the development of therapeutic strategies for human diseases, preclinical experimental models have a key role. However, the preclinical immunomodulatory therapies developed using rodent sepsis were not successful in human clinical trials. Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated inflammation and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/11/9578 |
| _version_ | 1797597444372955136 |
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| author | Lun Cai Elizabeth Rodgers Nick Schoenmann Raghavan Pillai Raju |
| author_facet | Lun Cai Elizabeth Rodgers Nick Schoenmann Raghavan Pillai Raju |
| author_sort | Lun Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the development of therapeutic strategies for human diseases, preclinical experimental models have a key role. However, the preclinical immunomodulatory therapies developed using rodent sepsis were not successful in human clinical trials. Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated inflammation and redox imbalance triggered by infection. Human sepsis is simulated in experimental models using methods that trigger inflammation or infection in the host animals, most often mice or rats. It remains unknown whether the characteristics of the host species, the methods used to induce sepsis, or the molecular processes focused upon need to be revisited in the development of treatment methods that will succeed in human clinical trials. Our goal in this review is to provide a survey of existing experimental models of sepsis, including the use of humanized mice and dirty mice, and to show how these models reflect the clinical course of sepsis. We will discuss the strengths and limitations of these models and present recent advances in this subject area. We maintain that rodent models continue to have an irreplaceable role in studies toward discovering treatment methods for human sepsis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:05:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee19f5cbe6eb4296956640911244e28b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:05:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee19f5cbe6eb4296956640911244e28b2023-11-18T08:01:01ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-05-012411957810.3390/ijms24119578Advances in Rodent Experimental Models of SepsisLun Cai0Elizabeth Rodgers1Nick Schoenmann2Raghavan Pillai Raju3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USAIn the development of therapeutic strategies for human diseases, preclinical experimental models have a key role. However, the preclinical immunomodulatory therapies developed using rodent sepsis were not successful in human clinical trials. Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated inflammation and redox imbalance triggered by infection. Human sepsis is simulated in experimental models using methods that trigger inflammation or infection in the host animals, most often mice or rats. It remains unknown whether the characteristics of the host species, the methods used to induce sepsis, or the molecular processes focused upon need to be revisited in the development of treatment methods that will succeed in human clinical trials. Our goal in this review is to provide a survey of existing experimental models of sepsis, including the use of humanized mice and dirty mice, and to show how these models reflect the clinical course of sepsis. We will discuss the strengths and limitations of these models and present recent advances in this subject area. We maintain that rodent models continue to have an irreplaceable role in studies toward discovering treatment methods for human sepsis.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/11/9578sepsisshockcecal ligation and puncturehumanized micedirty miceanimal models |
| spellingShingle | Lun Cai Elizabeth Rodgers Nick Schoenmann Raghavan Pillai Raju Advances in Rodent Experimental Models of Sepsis International Journal of Molecular Sciences sepsis shock cecal ligation and puncture humanized mice dirty mice animal models |
| title | Advances in Rodent Experimental Models of Sepsis |
| title_full | Advances in Rodent Experimental Models of Sepsis |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Rodent Experimental Models of Sepsis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Rodent Experimental Models of Sepsis |
| title_short | Advances in Rodent Experimental Models of Sepsis |
| title_sort | advances in rodent experimental models of sepsis |
| topic | sepsis shock cecal ligation and puncture humanized mice dirty mice animal models |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/11/9578 |
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