Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases
The recognition of ω-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) as essential fatty acids to normal growth and health was realized more than 80 years ago. However, the awareness of the long-term nutritional intake of ω-3 PUFAs in lowering the risk of a variety of chronic human diseases has grown exponentially o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-09-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02241/full |
| _version_ | 1818318181493637120 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiaoxi Li Xiaoxi Li Xinyun Bi Shuai Wang Zongmeng Zhang Fanghong Li Allan Z. Zhao |
| author_facet | Xiaoxi Li Xiaoxi Li Xinyun Bi Shuai Wang Zongmeng Zhang Fanghong Li Allan Z. Zhao |
| author_sort | Xiaoxi Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The recognition of ω-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) as essential fatty acids to normal growth and health was realized more than 80 years ago. However, the awareness of the long-term nutritional intake of ω-3 PUFAs in lowering the risk of a variety of chronic human diseases has grown exponentially only since the 1980s (1, 2). Despite the overwhelming epidemiological evidence, many attempts of using fish-oil supplementation to intervene human diseases have generated conflicting and often ambiguous outcomes; null or weak supporting conclusions were sometimes derived in the subsequent META analysis. Different dosages, as well as the sources of fish-oil, may have contributed to the conflicting outcomes of intervention carried out at different clinics. However, over the past decade, mounting evidence generated from genetic mouse models and clinical studies has shed new light on the functions and the underlying mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. In this review, we have summarized the current understanding of the effects as well as the underlying mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs on autoimmune diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:49:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee25b96ae4674975b864465e8fe03891 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:49:08Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee25b96ae4674975b864465e8fe038912022-12-21T23:51:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-09-011010.3389/fimmu.2019.02241468200Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune DiseasesXiaoxi Li0Xiaoxi Li1Xinyun Bi2Shuai Wang3Zongmeng Zhang4Fanghong Li5Allan Z. Zhao6The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaThe School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaThe School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaThe School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaThe School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaThe School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaThe recognition of ω-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) as essential fatty acids to normal growth and health was realized more than 80 years ago. However, the awareness of the long-term nutritional intake of ω-3 PUFAs in lowering the risk of a variety of chronic human diseases has grown exponentially only since the 1980s (1, 2). Despite the overwhelming epidemiological evidence, many attempts of using fish-oil supplementation to intervene human diseases have generated conflicting and often ambiguous outcomes; null or weak supporting conclusions were sometimes derived in the subsequent META analysis. Different dosages, as well as the sources of fish-oil, may have contributed to the conflicting outcomes of intervention carried out at different clinics. However, over the past decade, mounting evidence generated from genetic mouse models and clinical studies has shed new light on the functions and the underlying mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. In this review, we have summarized the current understanding of the effects as well as the underlying mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs on autoimmune diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02241/fullω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acidsautoimmune diseasesinflammationeicosanoidsmTOR-the mammalian target of rapamycin |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoxi Li Xiaoxi Li Xinyun Bi Shuai Wang Zongmeng Zhang Fanghong Li Allan Z. Zhao Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases Frontiers in Immunology ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids autoimmune diseases inflammation eicosanoids mTOR-the mammalian target of rapamycin |
| title | Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_full | Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_short | Therapeutic Potential of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_sort | therapeutic potential of ω 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human autoimmune diseases |
| topic | ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids autoimmune diseases inflammation eicosanoids mTOR-the mammalian target of rapamycin |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02241/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaoxili therapeuticpotentialofō3polyunsaturatedfattyacidsinhumanautoimmunediseases AT xiaoxili therapeuticpotentialofō3polyunsaturatedfattyacidsinhumanautoimmunediseases AT xinyunbi therapeuticpotentialofō3polyunsaturatedfattyacidsinhumanautoimmunediseases AT shuaiwang therapeuticpotentialofō3polyunsaturatedfattyacidsinhumanautoimmunediseases AT zongmengzhang therapeuticpotentialofō3polyunsaturatedfattyacidsinhumanautoimmunediseases AT fanghongli therapeuticpotentialofō3polyunsaturatedfattyacidsinhumanautoimmunediseases AT allanzzhao therapeuticpotentialofō3polyunsaturatedfattyacidsinhumanautoimmunediseases |