Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Seawater, Sediment and Biota of Neritic Ecosystems: Occurrence and Partition Study in Southern Ligurian Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is subjected to a high anthropic pressure, which determines direct or indirect discharges of persistent organic pollutants deriving from intensive industrial activities. These compounds could easily enter and contaminate the whole marine compartment, with possible transfers (an...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/5/2564 |
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| author | Luca Rivoira Michele Castiglioni Nicola Nurra Marco Battuello Rocco Mussat Sartor Livio Favaro Maria Concetta Bruzzoniti |
| author_facet | Luca Rivoira Michele Castiglioni Nicola Nurra Marco Battuello Rocco Mussat Sartor Livio Favaro Maria Concetta Bruzzoniti |
| author_sort | Luca Rivoira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Mediterranean Sea is subjected to a high anthropic pressure, which determines direct or indirect discharges of persistent organic pollutants deriving from intensive industrial activities. These compounds could easily enter and contaminate the whole marine compartment, with possible transfers (and contamination) among water, sediment and biota. Based on the above-mentioned assumptions, in this work we studied the presence of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 14 dioxin and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the neritic protected marine area of the Southern Ligurian Sea, affected by the impact of human activities. The study was focused on the possible partition of micropollutants within seawater, sediment and zooplankton. Results showed that both seasonal and anthropic causes strongly affect contaminant transfer behaviors, with summertime periods more impacted by PAH and PCB contamination. Regarding the PAH contamination, low molecular weight congeners were mainly detected in the target matrices, revealing concentrations up to 1 µg/L in seawater (anthracene), 250 µg/Kg in sediments (benzo[b]fluoranthene) and 2.3 mg/Kg in carnivorous copepods. Concerning PCBs, only few congeners were detected in the matrices studied. To better understand the occurrence of preferential bioaccumulation pathways in zooplankton, partition studies were also performed in several taxa (hyperbenthic Isopoda, holoplanktonic crustacean copepods and ichthyoplankton) through the calculation of BAF values, observing that both living and feeding habits could influence the bioaccumulation process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:48:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee293aa526084719aedcc95d7bcc1c19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:48:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee293aa526084719aedcc95d7bcc1c192023-11-23T22:42:50ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-03-01125256410.3390/app12052564Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Seawater, Sediment and Biota of Neritic Ecosystems: Occurrence and Partition Study in Southern Ligurian SeaLuca Rivoira0Michele Castiglioni1Nicola Nurra2Marco Battuello3Rocco Mussat Sartor4Livio Favaro5Maria Concetta Bruzzoniti6Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, ItalyThe Mediterranean Sea is subjected to a high anthropic pressure, which determines direct or indirect discharges of persistent organic pollutants deriving from intensive industrial activities. These compounds could easily enter and contaminate the whole marine compartment, with possible transfers (and contamination) among water, sediment and biota. Based on the above-mentioned assumptions, in this work we studied the presence of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 14 dioxin and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the neritic protected marine area of the Southern Ligurian Sea, affected by the impact of human activities. The study was focused on the possible partition of micropollutants within seawater, sediment and zooplankton. Results showed that both seasonal and anthropic causes strongly affect contaminant transfer behaviors, with summertime periods more impacted by PAH and PCB contamination. Regarding the PAH contamination, low molecular weight congeners were mainly detected in the target matrices, revealing concentrations up to 1 µg/L in seawater (anthracene), 250 µg/Kg in sediments (benzo[b]fluoranthene) and 2.3 mg/Kg in carnivorous copepods. Concerning PCBs, only few congeners were detected in the matrices studied. To better understand the occurrence of preferential bioaccumulation pathways in zooplankton, partition studies were also performed in several taxa (hyperbenthic Isopoda, holoplanktonic crustacean copepods and ichthyoplankton) through the calculation of BAF values, observing that both living and feeding habits could influence the bioaccumulation process.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/5/2564PAHPCBneritic environmentseawatersedimentbiota |
| spellingShingle | Luca Rivoira Michele Castiglioni Nicola Nurra Marco Battuello Rocco Mussat Sartor Livio Favaro Maria Concetta Bruzzoniti Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Seawater, Sediment and Biota of Neritic Ecosystems: Occurrence and Partition Study in Southern Ligurian Sea Applied Sciences PAH PCB neritic environment seawater sediment biota |
| title | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Seawater, Sediment and Biota of Neritic Ecosystems: Occurrence and Partition Study in Southern Ligurian Sea |
| title_full | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Seawater, Sediment and Biota of Neritic Ecosystems: Occurrence and Partition Study in Southern Ligurian Sea |
| title_fullStr | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Seawater, Sediment and Biota of Neritic Ecosystems: Occurrence and Partition Study in Southern Ligurian Sea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Seawater, Sediment and Biota of Neritic Ecosystems: Occurrence and Partition Study in Southern Ligurian Sea |
| title_short | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Seawater, Sediment and Biota of Neritic Ecosystems: Occurrence and Partition Study in Southern Ligurian Sea |
| title_sort | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in seawater sediment and biota of neritic ecosystems occurrence and partition study in southern ligurian sea |
| topic | PAH PCB neritic environment seawater sediment biota |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/5/2564 |
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