Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine Embryos
Genetically modified pigs have become valuable tools for generating advances in animal agriculture and human medicine. Importantly, in vitro production and manipulation of embryos is an essential step in the process of creating porcine models. As the in vitro environment is still suboptimal, it is i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/10/2770 |
| _version_ | 1797515041085325312 |
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| author | Paula R. Chen Bethany K. Redel Karl C. Kerns Lee D. Spate Randall S. Prather |
| author_facet | Paula R. Chen Bethany K. Redel Karl C. Kerns Lee D. Spate Randall S. Prather |
| author_sort | Paula R. Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Genetically modified pigs have become valuable tools for generating advances in animal agriculture and human medicine. Importantly, in vitro production and manipulation of embryos is an essential step in the process of creating porcine models. As the in vitro environment is still suboptimal, it is imperative to examine the porcine embryo culture system from several angles to identify methods for improvement. Understanding metabolic characteristics of porcine embryos and considering comparisons with other mammalian species is useful for optimizing culture media formulations. Furthermore, stressors arising from the environment and maternal or paternal factors must be taken into consideration to produce healthy embryos in vitro. In this review, we progress stepwise through in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo culture in pigs to assess the status of current culture systems and address points where improvements can be made. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:40:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee321f2400e6466c9cd7f382a28a0e1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:40:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee321f2400e6466c9cd7f382a28a0e1d2023-11-22T17:48:52ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-10-011010277010.3390/cells10102770Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine EmbryosPaula R. Chen0Bethany K. Redel1Karl C. Kerns2Lee D. Spate3Randall S. Prather4Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USAUSDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211, USADepartment of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USADivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USADivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USAGenetically modified pigs have become valuable tools for generating advances in animal agriculture and human medicine. Importantly, in vitro production and manipulation of embryos is an essential step in the process of creating porcine models. As the in vitro environment is still suboptimal, it is imperative to examine the porcine embryo culture system from several angles to identify methods for improvement. Understanding metabolic characteristics of porcine embryos and considering comparisons with other mammalian species is useful for optimizing culture media formulations. Furthermore, stressors arising from the environment and maternal or paternal factors must be taken into consideration to produce healthy embryos in vitro. In this review, we progress stepwise through in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo culture in pigs to assess the status of current culture systems and address points where improvements can be made.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/10/2770porcine embryo culturein vitro maturationin vitro fertilization |
| spellingShingle | Paula R. Chen Bethany K. Redel Karl C. Kerns Lee D. Spate Randall S. Prather Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine Embryos Cells porcine embryo culture in vitro maturation in vitro fertilization |
| title | Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine Embryos |
| title_full | Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine Embryos |
| title_fullStr | Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine Embryos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine Embryos |
| title_short | Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine Embryos |
| title_sort | challenges and considerations during in vitro production of porcine embryos |
| topic | porcine embryo culture in vitro maturation in vitro fertilization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/10/2770 |
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