Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and Wastewater
An outbreak of human mpox infection in nonendemic countries appears to have been driven largely by transmission through body fluids or skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. We evaluated the stability of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in different environments and specific body fluids and tested the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/29/10/23-0824_article |
| _version_ | 1797678591699320832 |
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| author | Claude Kwe Yinda Dylan H. Morris Robert J. Fischer Shane Gallogly Zachary A. Weishampel Julia R. Port Trenton Bushmaker Jonathan E. Schulz Kyle Bibby Neeltje van Doremalen James O. Lloyd-Smith Vincent J. Munster |
| author_facet | Claude Kwe Yinda Dylan H. Morris Robert J. Fischer Shane Gallogly Zachary A. Weishampel Julia R. Port Trenton Bushmaker Jonathan E. Schulz Kyle Bibby Neeltje van Doremalen James O. Lloyd-Smith Vincent J. Munster |
| author_sort | Claude Kwe Yinda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
An outbreak of human mpox infection in nonendemic countries appears to have been driven largely by transmission through body fluids or skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. We evaluated the stability of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in different environments and specific body fluids and tested the effectiveness of decontamination methodologies. MPXV decayed faster at higher temperatures, and rates varied considerably depending on the medium in which virus was suspended, both in solution and on surfaces. More proteinaceous fluids supported greater persistence. Chlorination was an effective decontamination technique, but only at higher concentrations. Wastewater was more difficult to decontaminate than plain deionized water; testing for infectious MPXV could be a helpful addition to PCR-based wastewater surveillance when high levels of viral DNA are detected. Our findings suggest that, because virus stability is sufficient to support environmental MPXV transmission in healthcare settings, exposure and dose-response will be limiting factors for those transmission routes.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:02:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee384dabd960462e8b5506cb79a5019e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:02:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee384dabd960462e8b5506cb79a5019e2023-09-21T14:52:02ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592023-10-0129102065207210.3201/eid2910.230824Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and WastewaterClaude Kwe YindaDylan H. MorrisRobert J. FischerShane GalloglyZachary A. WeishampelJulia R. PortTrenton BushmakerJonathan E. SchulzKyle BibbyNeeltje van DoremalenJames O. Lloyd-SmithVincent J. Munster An outbreak of human mpox infection in nonendemic countries appears to have been driven largely by transmission through body fluids or skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. We evaluated the stability of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in different environments and specific body fluids and tested the effectiveness of decontamination methodologies. MPXV decayed faster at higher temperatures, and rates varied considerably depending on the medium in which virus was suspended, both in solution and on surfaces. More proteinaceous fluids supported greater persistence. Chlorination was an effective decontamination technique, but only at higher concentrations. Wastewater was more difficult to decontaminate than plain deionized water; testing for infectious MPXV could be a helpful addition to PCR-based wastewater surveillance when high levels of viral DNA are detected. Our findings suggest that, because virus stability is sufficient to support environmental MPXV transmission in healthcare settings, exposure and dose-response will be limiting factors for those transmission routes. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/29/10/23-0824_articlempoxhuman monkeypox virusvirusessexually transmitted infectionsvirus stabilitysurfaces |
| spellingShingle | Claude Kwe Yinda Dylan H. Morris Robert J. Fischer Shane Gallogly Zachary A. Weishampel Julia R. Port Trenton Bushmaker Jonathan E. Schulz Kyle Bibby Neeltje van Doremalen James O. Lloyd-Smith Vincent J. Munster Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and Wastewater Emerging Infectious Diseases mpox human monkeypox virus viruses sexually transmitted infections virus stability surfaces |
| title | Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and Wastewater |
| title_full | Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and Wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and Wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and Wastewater |
| title_short | Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and Wastewater |
| title_sort | stability of monkeypox virus in body fluids and wastewater |
| topic | mpox human monkeypox virus viruses sexually transmitted infections virus stability surfaces |
| url | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/29/10/23-0824_article |
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