Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test
Assays to measure SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies are important to monitor seroprevalence, to study asymptomatic infections and to reveal (intermediate) hosts. A recently developed assay, the surrogate virus-neutralization test (sVNT) is a quick and commercially available alternative to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-12-01
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| Series: | One Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771421001038 |
| _version_ | 1819096879167700992 |
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| author | Carmen W.E. Embregts Babs Verstrepen Jan A.M. Langermans Kinga P. Böszörményi Reina S. Sikkema Rory D. de Vries Donata Hoffmann Kerstin Wernike Lidwien A.M. Smit Shan Zhao Barry Rockx Marion P.G. Koopmans Bart L. Haagmans Thijs Kuiken Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel |
| author_facet | Carmen W.E. Embregts Babs Verstrepen Jan A.M. Langermans Kinga P. Böszörményi Reina S. Sikkema Rory D. de Vries Donata Hoffmann Kerstin Wernike Lidwien A.M. Smit Shan Zhao Barry Rockx Marion P.G. Koopmans Bart L. Haagmans Thijs Kuiken Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel |
| author_sort | Carmen W.E. Embregts |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Assays to measure SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies are important to monitor seroprevalence, to study asymptomatic infections and to reveal (intermediate) hosts. A recently developed assay, the surrogate virus-neutralization test (sVNT) is a quick and commercially available alternative to the “gold standard” virus neutralization assay using authentic virus, and does not require processing at BSL-3 level. The assay relies on the inhibition of binding of the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike (S) protein to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) by antibodies present in sera. As the sVNT does not require species- or isotype-specific conjugates, it can be similarly used for antibody detection in human and animal sera. In this study, we used 298 sera from PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients and 151 sera from patients confirmed with other coronavirus or other (respiratory) infections, to evaluate the performance of the sVNT. To analyze the use of the assay in a One Health setting, we studied the presence of RBD-binding antibodies in 154 sera from nine animal species (cynomolgus and rhesus macaques, ferrets, rabbits, hamsters, cats, cattle, mink and dromedary camels). The sVNT showed a moderate to high sensitivity and a high specificity using sera from confirmed COVID-19 patients (91.3% and 100%, respectively) and animal sera (93.9% and 100%), however it lacked sensitivity to detect low titers. Significant correlations were found between the sVNT outcomes and PRNT50 and the Wantai total Ig and IgM ELISAs. While species-specific validation will be essential, our results show that the sVNT holds promise in detecting RBD-binding antibodies in multiple species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:06:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee3d661db69646e8a655abd8223d6943 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-7714 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:06:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | One Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee3d661db69646e8a655abd8223d69432022-12-21T18:45:33ZengElsevierOne Health2352-77142021-12-0113100313Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization testCarmen W.E. Embregts0Babs Verstrepen1Jan A.M. Langermans2Kinga P. Böszörményi3Reina S. Sikkema4Rory D. de Vries5Donata Hoffmann6Kerstin Wernike7Lidwien A.M. Smit8Shan Zhao9Barry Rockx10Marion P.G. Koopmans11Bart L. Haagmans12Thijs Kuiken13Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel14Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Corresponding authors.Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the NetherlandsBiomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands; Department Population Health Sciences, Division Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsBiomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the NetherlandsInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Insel Riems, GermanyInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Insel Riems, GermanyInstitute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsDepartment of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Virology Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Corresponding authors.Assays to measure SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies are important to monitor seroprevalence, to study asymptomatic infections and to reveal (intermediate) hosts. A recently developed assay, the surrogate virus-neutralization test (sVNT) is a quick and commercially available alternative to the “gold standard” virus neutralization assay using authentic virus, and does not require processing at BSL-3 level. The assay relies on the inhibition of binding of the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike (S) protein to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) by antibodies present in sera. As the sVNT does not require species- or isotype-specific conjugates, it can be similarly used for antibody detection in human and animal sera. In this study, we used 298 sera from PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients and 151 sera from patients confirmed with other coronavirus or other (respiratory) infections, to evaluate the performance of the sVNT. To analyze the use of the assay in a One Health setting, we studied the presence of RBD-binding antibodies in 154 sera from nine animal species (cynomolgus and rhesus macaques, ferrets, rabbits, hamsters, cats, cattle, mink and dromedary camels). The sVNT showed a moderate to high sensitivity and a high specificity using sera from confirmed COVID-19 patients (91.3% and 100%, respectively) and animal sera (93.9% and 100%), however it lacked sensitivity to detect low titers. Significant correlations were found between the sVNT outcomes and PRNT50 and the Wantai total Ig and IgM ELISAs. While species-specific validation will be essential, our results show that the sVNT holds promise in detecting RBD-binding antibodies in multiple species.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771421001038SARS-CoV-2SerologyNeutralizing antibodiesSurrogate virus neutralization testAnimal sera |
| spellingShingle | Carmen W.E. Embregts Babs Verstrepen Jan A.M. Langermans Kinga P. Böszörményi Reina S. Sikkema Rory D. de Vries Donata Hoffmann Kerstin Wernike Lidwien A.M. Smit Shan Zhao Barry Rockx Marion P.G. Koopmans Bart L. Haagmans Thijs Kuiken Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test One Health SARS-CoV-2 Serology Neutralizing antibodies Surrogate virus neutralization test Animal sera |
| title | Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test |
| title_full | Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test |
| title_short | Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test |
| title_sort | evaluation of a multi species sars cov 2 surrogate virus neutralization test |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 Serology Neutralizing antibodies Surrogate virus neutralization test Animal sera |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771421001038 |
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