In Vivo Assessment of the Ameliorative Impact of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Multiple Sclerosis in Wistar Rats
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that leads to the demyelination of nerve fibers, which is the major cause of non-traumatic disability all around the world. Herbal plants <i>Nepeta hindustana</i> L., <i>Vitex negundo</i> L., and <i>Argemone albiflora&...
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2022-02-01
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| author | Rabia Rasool Inam Ullah Samiah Shahid Bismillah Mubeen Syed Sarim Imam Sultan Alshehri Mohammed M. Ghoneim Sami I. Alzarea Bibi Nazia Murtaza Muhammad Shahid Nadeem Imran Kazmi |
| author_facet | Rabia Rasool Inam Ullah Samiah Shahid Bismillah Mubeen Syed Sarim Imam Sultan Alshehri Mohammed M. Ghoneim Sami I. Alzarea Bibi Nazia Murtaza Muhammad Shahid Nadeem Imran Kazmi |
| author_sort | Rabia Rasool |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that leads to the demyelination of nerve fibers, which is the major cause of non-traumatic disability all around the world. Herbal plants <i>Nepeta hindustana</i> L., <i>Vitex negundo</i> L., and <i>Argemone albiflora</i> L., in addition to anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, have shown great potential as neuroprotective agents. The study was aimed to develop a neuroprotective model to study the effectiveness of herbal plants (<i>N. hindustana</i>, <i>V. negundo</i>, and <i>A. albiflora</i>) against multiple sclerosis. The in vivo neuroprotective effects of ethanolic extracts isolated from <i>N. hindustana</i>, <i>V. negundo</i>, and <i>A. albiflora</i> were evaluated in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced multiple sclerosis Wistar rat model. The rat models were categorized into seven groups including group A as normal, B as LPS induced diseased group, while C, D, E, F, and G were designed as treatment groups. Histopathological evaluation and biochemical markers including stress and inflammatory (MMP-6, MDA, TNF-α, AOPPs, AGEs, NO, IL-17 and IL-2), antioxidant (SOD, GSH, CAT, GPx), DNA damage (Isop-2α, 8OHdG) as well as molecular biomarkers (RAGE, Caspase-8, p38) along with glutamate, homocysteine, acetylcholinesterase, and myelin binding protein (MBP) were investigated. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 and GraphPad Prism 8.0. The different extract treated groups (C, D, E, F, G) displayed a substantial neuroprotective effect regarding remyelination of axonal terminals and oligodendrocytes migration, reduced lymphocytic infiltrations, and reduced necrosis of Purkinje cells. The levels of stress, inflammatory, and DNA damage markers were observed high in the diseased group B, which were reduced after treatments with plant extracts. The antioxidant activity was significantly reduced in diseased induced group B, however, their levels were raised after treatment with plant extract. Group F (a mélange of all the extracts) showed the most significant change among all other treatment groups (C, D, E, G). The communal dose of selected plant extracts regulates neurodegeneration at the cellular level resulting in restoration and remyelination of axonal neurons. Moreover, 400 mg/kg dose of three plants in conjugation (Group F) were found to be more effective in restoring the normal activities of all measured parameters than independent doses (Group C, D, E) and is comparable with standard drug nimodipine (Group G) clinically used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. The present study, for the first time, reported the clinical evidence of <i>N. hindustana</i>, <i>V. negundo</i>, and <i>A. albiflora</i> against multiple sclerosis and concludes that all three plants showed remyelination as well neuroprotective effects which may be used as a potential natural neurotherapeutic agent against multiple sclerosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:29:38Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:29:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee621ce106294788aeb0b831ecbc73482023-11-23T23:27:03ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-02-01275160810.3390/molecules27051608In Vivo Assessment of the Ameliorative Impact of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Multiple Sclerosis in Wistar RatsRabia Rasool0Inam Ullah1Samiah Shahid2Bismillah Mubeen3Syed Sarim Imam4Sultan Alshehri5Mohammed M. Ghoneim6Sami I. Alzarea7Bibi Nazia Murtaza8Muhammad Shahid Nadeem9Imran Kazmi10Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanInstitute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanInstitute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanInstitute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22310, PakistanDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaMultiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that leads to the demyelination of nerve fibers, which is the major cause of non-traumatic disability all around the world. Herbal plants <i>Nepeta hindustana</i> L., <i>Vitex negundo</i> L., and <i>Argemone albiflora</i> L., in addition to anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, have shown great potential as neuroprotective agents. The study was aimed to develop a neuroprotective model to study the effectiveness of herbal plants (<i>N. hindustana</i>, <i>V. negundo</i>, and <i>A. albiflora</i>) against multiple sclerosis. The in vivo neuroprotective effects of ethanolic extracts isolated from <i>N. hindustana</i>, <i>V. negundo</i>, and <i>A. albiflora</i> were evaluated in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced multiple sclerosis Wistar rat model. The rat models were categorized into seven groups including group A as normal, B as LPS induced diseased group, while C, D, E, F, and G were designed as treatment groups. Histopathological evaluation and biochemical markers including stress and inflammatory (MMP-6, MDA, TNF-α, AOPPs, AGEs, NO, IL-17 and IL-2), antioxidant (SOD, GSH, CAT, GPx), DNA damage (Isop-2α, 8OHdG) as well as molecular biomarkers (RAGE, Caspase-8, p38) along with glutamate, homocysteine, acetylcholinesterase, and myelin binding protein (MBP) were investigated. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 and GraphPad Prism 8.0. The different extract treated groups (C, D, E, F, G) displayed a substantial neuroprotective effect regarding remyelination of axonal terminals and oligodendrocytes migration, reduced lymphocytic infiltrations, and reduced necrosis of Purkinje cells. The levels of stress, inflammatory, and DNA damage markers were observed high in the diseased group B, which were reduced after treatments with plant extracts. The antioxidant activity was significantly reduced in diseased induced group B, however, their levels were raised after treatment with plant extract. Group F (a mélange of all the extracts) showed the most significant change among all other treatment groups (C, D, E, G). The communal dose of selected plant extracts regulates neurodegeneration at the cellular level resulting in restoration and remyelination of axonal neurons. Moreover, 400 mg/kg dose of three plants in conjugation (Group F) were found to be more effective in restoring the normal activities of all measured parameters than independent doses (Group C, D, E) and is comparable with standard drug nimodipine (Group G) clinically used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. The present study, for the first time, reported the clinical evidence of <i>N. hindustana</i>, <i>V. negundo</i>, and <i>A. albiflora</i> against multiple sclerosis and concludes that all three plants showed remyelination as well neuroprotective effects which may be used as a potential natural neurotherapeutic agent against multiple sclerosis.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/5/1608multiple sclerosisoxidative stress<i>Nepeta hindustana</i><i>Vitex negundo</i><i>Argemone albiflora</i>neuroprotective agents |
| spellingShingle | Rabia Rasool Inam Ullah Samiah Shahid Bismillah Mubeen Syed Sarim Imam Sultan Alshehri Mohammed M. Ghoneim Sami I. Alzarea Bibi Nazia Murtaza Muhammad Shahid Nadeem Imran Kazmi In Vivo Assessment of the Ameliorative Impact of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Multiple Sclerosis in Wistar Rats Molecules multiple sclerosis oxidative stress <i>Nepeta hindustana</i> <i>Vitex negundo</i> <i>Argemone albiflora</i> neuroprotective agents |
| title | In Vivo Assessment of the Ameliorative Impact of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Multiple Sclerosis in Wistar Rats |
| title_full | In Vivo Assessment of the Ameliorative Impact of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Multiple Sclerosis in Wistar Rats |
| title_fullStr | In Vivo Assessment of the Ameliorative Impact of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Multiple Sclerosis in Wistar Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vivo Assessment of the Ameliorative Impact of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Multiple Sclerosis in Wistar Rats |
| title_short | In Vivo Assessment of the Ameliorative Impact of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Multiple Sclerosis in Wistar Rats |
| title_sort | in vivo assessment of the ameliorative impact of some medicinal plant extracts on lipopolysaccharide induced multiple sclerosis in wistar rats |
| topic | multiple sclerosis oxidative stress <i>Nepeta hindustana</i> <i>Vitex negundo</i> <i>Argemone albiflora</i> neuroprotective agents |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/5/1608 |
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