Thimerosal-Preserved Hepatitis B Vaccine and Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood
(1) Background: Hyperkinetic syndrome of childhood (HKSoC) is an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9) category in which the majority of the children are also diagnosed under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Tex...
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MDPI AG
2016-03-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/6/1/9 |
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| author | David A. Geier Janet K. Kern Brian S. Hooker Lisa K. Sykes Mark R. Geier |
| author_facet | David A. Geier Janet K. Kern Brian S. Hooker Lisa K. Sykes Mark R. Geier |
| author_sort | David A. Geier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Hyperkinetic syndrome of childhood (HKSoC) is an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9) category in which the majority of the children are also diagnosed under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), where the umbrella term is “Attention-Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders”. The diagnostic criteria for HKSoC are developmentally inappropriate inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Some studies have implicated mercury (Hg) exposure as a risk factor. (2) Methods: This hypothesis testing study; using the Vaccine Safety Datalink; assessed the toxicological effects of bolus exposure to organic-Hg from Thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCVs) by examining the relationship between Thimerosal-preserved hepatitis B vaccines (TM-HepB) given at varying levels and at specific intervals in the first six months after birth and the risk of a child being diagnosed with HKSoC. (3) Results: Children diagnosed with HKSoC were significantly more likely to be exposed to increased organic-Hg from TM-HepB doses given within the first month (odds ratio = 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.30–1.62); within the first two months (odds ratio = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.28–1.59); and within the first six months (odds ratio = 4.51; 95% CI = 3.04–6.71) than controls. (4) Conclusion: The results indicate that increasing organic-Hg exposure from TCVs heightens the risk of a HKSoC diagnosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:20:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee736c7acfdf439fab9389d298cef90c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:20:20Z |
| publishDate | 2016-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee736c7acfdf439fab9389d298cef90c2022-12-21T22:56:11ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252016-03-0161910.3390/brainsci6010009brainsci6010009Thimerosal-Preserved Hepatitis B Vaccine and Hyperkinetic Syndrome of ChildhoodDavid A. Geier0Janet K. Kern1Brian S. Hooker2Lisa K. Sykes3Mark R. Geier4Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD 20905, USAInstitute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD 20905, USADepartment of Biology, Simpson University, Redding, CA 96003, USACoMeD, Inc., Silver Spring, MD 20905, USAInstitute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD 20905, USA(1) Background: Hyperkinetic syndrome of childhood (HKSoC) is an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9) category in which the majority of the children are also diagnosed under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), where the umbrella term is “Attention-Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders”. The diagnostic criteria for HKSoC are developmentally inappropriate inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Some studies have implicated mercury (Hg) exposure as a risk factor. (2) Methods: This hypothesis testing study; using the Vaccine Safety Datalink; assessed the toxicological effects of bolus exposure to organic-Hg from Thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCVs) by examining the relationship between Thimerosal-preserved hepatitis B vaccines (TM-HepB) given at varying levels and at specific intervals in the first six months after birth and the risk of a child being diagnosed with HKSoC. (3) Results: Children diagnosed with HKSoC were significantly more likely to be exposed to increased organic-Hg from TM-HepB doses given within the first month (odds ratio = 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.30–1.62); within the first two months (odds ratio = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.28–1.59); and within the first six months (odds ratio = 4.51; 95% CI = 3.04–6.71) than controls. (4) Conclusion: The results indicate that increasing organic-Hg exposure from TCVs heightens the risk of a HKSoC diagnosis.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/6/1/9ADHDThimerosalneurodevelopmental disorderHyperkinetic syndrome of childhood |
| spellingShingle | David A. Geier Janet K. Kern Brian S. Hooker Lisa K. Sykes Mark R. Geier Thimerosal-Preserved Hepatitis B Vaccine and Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood Brain Sciences ADHD Thimerosal neurodevelopmental disorder Hyperkinetic syndrome of childhood |
| title | Thimerosal-Preserved Hepatitis B Vaccine and Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood |
| title_full | Thimerosal-Preserved Hepatitis B Vaccine and Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood |
| title_fullStr | Thimerosal-Preserved Hepatitis B Vaccine and Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thimerosal-Preserved Hepatitis B Vaccine and Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood |
| title_short | Thimerosal-Preserved Hepatitis B Vaccine and Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood |
| title_sort | thimerosal preserved hepatitis b vaccine and hyperkinetic syndrome of childhood |
| topic | ADHD Thimerosal neurodevelopmental disorder Hyperkinetic syndrome of childhood |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/6/1/9 |
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