Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Effects on Growth, Biochemical, Yield, and Anatomical Characteristics of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) Plants under Salt Stress Conditions
Salt stress is a major issue in agriculture and crop production that influences global food security. Mitigation options to address salt stress through agronomic practices can help manage this issue. Experiments were performed in two summer seasons in an experimental farm to test the impact of three...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/9/2213 |
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| author | Emad Mady Ahmed H. M. Abd El-Wahed Asaad H. Awad Turky O. Asar Ammar Al-Farga Hany S. Abd El-Raouf Reena Randhir Ehab S. Alnuzaili Ahmed M. El-Taher Timothy O. Randhir Fatma A. Hamada |
| author_facet | Emad Mady Ahmed H. M. Abd El-Wahed Asaad H. Awad Turky O. Asar Ammar Al-Farga Hany S. Abd El-Raouf Reena Randhir Ehab S. Alnuzaili Ahmed M. El-Taher Timothy O. Randhir Fatma A. Hamada |
| author_sort | Emad Mady |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salt stress is a major issue in agriculture and crop production that influences global food security. Mitigation options to address salt stress through agronomic practices can help manage this issue. Experiments were performed in two summer seasons in an experimental farm to test the impact of three salinity levels (S): 300 (control), 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm, and two salicylic acid (SA) levels, including 1.0 and 1.50 mM, and their interaction on growth and yield of eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) hybrid Suma. The results showed that increasing S levels up to 3000 ppm reduced plant and fruit physical characteristics, as well as leaf and fruit chemical characteristics, especially leaf total chlorophyll, carotenoids, relative water, fruit nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents, which led to a reduction in total yield per plant. However, an insignificant effect was observed in the control level and 1000 ppm saline water in leaf area, fruit length, leaf total chlorophyll content, fruit phosphorus content, and total yield per plant. In contrast, leaf sugars, proline contents, electrolyte leakage, fruit TSS (total soluble solids), and ascorbic acid contents were improved with S levels up to the concentration of 3000 ppm compared to the control. However, tested parameters were significantly higher due to the SA foliar spray of 1.0 mM besides photosynthetic pigments of leaves enhanced by using 1.0 and 1.50 mM. Using 1.0 mM SA concentration alleviated the adverse impact of S on eggplant plants until 1000 ppm saline water, reflecting an increase in eggplant yield. The anatomical structure of eggplant leaves revealed positive variations in mature leaf blades in both the stressed and SA-treated plants. Based on these results, the use of SA at a concentration of 1.0 mM may lessen the negative impacts of salt on the growth of eggplant, which increases the overall yield. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:09:00Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ee778cb0d78d40cebf26b1e85b9a0dc52023-11-19T09:09:09ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-08-01139221310.3390/agronomy13092213Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Effects on Growth, Biochemical, Yield, and Anatomical Characteristics of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) Plants under Salt Stress ConditionsEmad Mady0Ahmed H. M. Abd El-Wahed1Asaad H. Awad2Turky O. Asar3Ammar Al-Farga4Hany S. Abd El-Raouf5Reena Randhir6Ehab S. Alnuzaili7Ahmed M. El-Taher8Timothy O. Randhir9Fatma A. Hamada10Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USADepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, EgyptDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, EgyptDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Alkamil, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, EgyptDepartment of Biological Sciences, Springfield Technical Community College, Springfield, MA 01105, USAEnglish Department, College of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, EgyptDepartment of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USABotany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, EgyptSalt stress is a major issue in agriculture and crop production that influences global food security. Mitigation options to address salt stress through agronomic practices can help manage this issue. Experiments were performed in two summer seasons in an experimental farm to test the impact of three salinity levels (S): 300 (control), 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm, and two salicylic acid (SA) levels, including 1.0 and 1.50 mM, and their interaction on growth and yield of eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) hybrid Suma. The results showed that increasing S levels up to 3000 ppm reduced plant and fruit physical characteristics, as well as leaf and fruit chemical characteristics, especially leaf total chlorophyll, carotenoids, relative water, fruit nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents, which led to a reduction in total yield per plant. However, an insignificant effect was observed in the control level and 1000 ppm saline water in leaf area, fruit length, leaf total chlorophyll content, fruit phosphorus content, and total yield per plant. In contrast, leaf sugars, proline contents, electrolyte leakage, fruit TSS (total soluble solids), and ascorbic acid contents were improved with S levels up to the concentration of 3000 ppm compared to the control. However, tested parameters were significantly higher due to the SA foliar spray of 1.0 mM besides photosynthetic pigments of leaves enhanced by using 1.0 and 1.50 mM. Using 1.0 mM SA concentration alleviated the adverse impact of S on eggplant plants until 1000 ppm saline water, reflecting an increase in eggplant yield. The anatomical structure of eggplant leaves revealed positive variations in mature leaf blades in both the stressed and SA-treated plants. Based on these results, the use of SA at a concentration of 1.0 mM may lessen the negative impacts of salt on the growth of eggplant, which increases the overall yield.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/9/2213eggplantsalinitysalicylic acidphotosynthesis pigmentsyieldanatomical structure |
| spellingShingle | Emad Mady Ahmed H. M. Abd El-Wahed Asaad H. Awad Turky O. Asar Ammar Al-Farga Hany S. Abd El-Raouf Reena Randhir Ehab S. Alnuzaili Ahmed M. El-Taher Timothy O. Randhir Fatma A. Hamada Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Effects on Growth, Biochemical, Yield, and Anatomical Characteristics of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) Plants under Salt Stress Conditions Agronomy eggplant salinity salicylic acid photosynthesis pigments yield anatomical structure |
| title | Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Effects on Growth, Biochemical, Yield, and Anatomical Characteristics of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) Plants under Salt Stress Conditions |
| title_full | Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Effects on Growth, Biochemical, Yield, and Anatomical Characteristics of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) Plants under Salt Stress Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Effects on Growth, Biochemical, Yield, and Anatomical Characteristics of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) Plants under Salt Stress Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Effects on Growth, Biochemical, Yield, and Anatomical Characteristics of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) Plants under Salt Stress Conditions |
| title_short | Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Effects on Growth, Biochemical, Yield, and Anatomical Characteristics of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) Plants under Salt Stress Conditions |
| title_sort | evaluation of salicylic acid effects on growth biochemical yield and anatomical characteristics of eggplant i solanum melongena i l plants under salt stress conditions |
| topic | eggplant salinity salicylic acid photosynthesis pigments yield anatomical structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/9/2213 |
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