Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous Hosts
Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) is a virulent pathogen of lepidopterans in the genera <i>Heliothis</i> and <i>Helicoverpa</i>, whereas Helicoverpa armigera multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) is a different virus species with a broader host ra...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/4/687 |
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| author | Maite Arrizubieta Oihane Simón Adriana Ricarte-Bermejo Miguel López-Ferber Trevor Williams Primitivo Caballero |
| author_facet | Maite Arrizubieta Oihane Simón Adriana Ricarte-Bermejo Miguel López-Ferber Trevor Williams Primitivo Caballero |
| author_sort | Maite Arrizubieta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) is a virulent pathogen of lepidopterans in the genera <i>Heliothis</i> and <i>Helicoverpa</i>, whereas Helicoverpa armigera multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) is a different virus species with a broader host range. This study aimed to examine the consequences of coocclusion of HearSNPV and HearMNPV on the pathogenicity, stability and host range of mixed-virus occlusion bodies (OBs). HearSNPV OBs were approximately 6-fold more pathogenic than HearMNPV OBs, showed faster killing by approximately 13 h, and were approximately 45% more productive in terms of OB production per larva. For coocclusion, <i>H. armigera</i> larvae were first inoculated with HearMNPV OBs and subsequently inoculated with HearSNPV OBs at intervals of 0–72 h after the initial inoculation. When the interval between inoculations was 12–24 h, OBs collected from virus-killed insects were found to comprise 41–57% of HearSNPV genomes, but the prevalence of HearSNPV genomes was greatly reduced (3–4%) at later time points. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed the presence of HearSNPV genomes in a small fraction of multinucleocapsid ODVs representing 0.47–0.88% of the genomes quantified in ODV samples, indicating that both viruses had replicated in coinfected host cells. End-point dilution assays on ODVs from cooccluded mixed-virus OBs confirmed the presence of both viruses in 41.9–55.6% of wells that were predicted to have been infected by a single ODV. A control experiment indicated that this result was unlikely to be due to the adhesion of HearSNPV ODVs to HearMNPV ODVs or accidental contamination during ODV band extraction. Therefore, the disparity between the qPCR and end-point dilution estimates of the prevalence of mixed-virus ODVs likely reflected virus-specific differences in replication efficiency in cell culture and the higher infectivity of pseudotyped ODVs that were produced in coinfected parental cells. Bioassays on <i>H. armigera</i>, <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> and <i>Mamestra brassicae</i> larvae revealed that mixed-virus OBs were capable of infecting heterologous hosts, but relative potency values largely reflected the proportion of HearMNPV present in each mixed-virus preparation. The cooccluded mixtures were unstable in serial passage; HearSNPV rapidly dominated during passage in <i>H. armigera</i> whereas HearMNPV rapidly dominated during passage in the heterologous hosts. We conclude that mixed-virus coocclusion technology may be useful for producing precise mixtures of viruses with host range properties suitable for the control of complexes of lepidopteran pests in particular crops, although this requires validation by field testing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:09:12Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ee831fe61e504c11898a3b525a72d2d62023-12-03T14:03:02ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-03-0114468710.3390/v14040687Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous HostsMaite Arrizubieta0Oihane Simón1Adriana Ricarte-Bermejo2Miguel López-Ferber3Trevor Williams4Primitivo Caballero5Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, SpainInstitute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, SpainInstitute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, SpainHydrosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, 30319 Ales, FranceInstituto de Ecología AC (INECOL), Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, MexicoInstitute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, SpainHelicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) is a virulent pathogen of lepidopterans in the genera <i>Heliothis</i> and <i>Helicoverpa</i>, whereas Helicoverpa armigera multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) is a different virus species with a broader host range. This study aimed to examine the consequences of coocclusion of HearSNPV and HearMNPV on the pathogenicity, stability and host range of mixed-virus occlusion bodies (OBs). HearSNPV OBs were approximately 6-fold more pathogenic than HearMNPV OBs, showed faster killing by approximately 13 h, and were approximately 45% more productive in terms of OB production per larva. For coocclusion, <i>H. armigera</i> larvae were first inoculated with HearMNPV OBs and subsequently inoculated with HearSNPV OBs at intervals of 0–72 h after the initial inoculation. When the interval between inoculations was 12–24 h, OBs collected from virus-killed insects were found to comprise 41–57% of HearSNPV genomes, but the prevalence of HearSNPV genomes was greatly reduced (3–4%) at later time points. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed the presence of HearSNPV genomes in a small fraction of multinucleocapsid ODVs representing 0.47–0.88% of the genomes quantified in ODV samples, indicating that both viruses had replicated in coinfected host cells. End-point dilution assays on ODVs from cooccluded mixed-virus OBs confirmed the presence of both viruses in 41.9–55.6% of wells that were predicted to have been infected by a single ODV. A control experiment indicated that this result was unlikely to be due to the adhesion of HearSNPV ODVs to HearMNPV ODVs or accidental contamination during ODV band extraction. Therefore, the disparity between the qPCR and end-point dilution estimates of the prevalence of mixed-virus ODVs likely reflected virus-specific differences in replication efficiency in cell culture and the higher infectivity of pseudotyped ODVs that were produced in coinfected parental cells. Bioassays on <i>H. armigera</i>, <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> and <i>Mamestra brassicae</i> larvae revealed that mixed-virus OBs were capable of infecting heterologous hosts, but relative potency values largely reflected the proportion of HearMNPV present in each mixed-virus preparation. The cooccluded mixtures were unstable in serial passage; HearSNPV rapidly dominated during passage in <i>H. armigera</i> whereas HearMNPV rapidly dominated during passage in the heterologous hosts. We conclude that mixed-virus coocclusion technology may be useful for producing precise mixtures of viruses with host range properties suitable for the control of complexes of lepidopteran pests in particular crops, although this requires validation by field testing.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/4/687old world cotton bollwormHearNPVBaculoviridae<i>Mamestra brassicae</i><i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>occlusion derived virion |
| spellingShingle | Maite Arrizubieta Oihane Simón Adriana Ricarte-Bermejo Miguel López-Ferber Trevor Williams Primitivo Caballero Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous Hosts Viruses old world cotton bollworm HearNPV Baculoviridae <i>Mamestra brassicae</i> <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> occlusion derived virion |
| title | Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous Hosts |
| title_full | Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous Hosts |
| title_fullStr | Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous Hosts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous Hosts |
| title_short | Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous Hosts |
| title_sort | coocclusion of helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus hearsnpv and helicoverpa armigera multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus hearmnpv pathogenicity and stability in homologous and heterologous hosts |
| topic | old world cotton bollworm HearNPV Baculoviridae <i>Mamestra brassicae</i> <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> occlusion derived virion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/4/687 |
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