Free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men: comparison of algorithms
Objective: Calculating the free testosterone level has gained increasing interest and different indirect algorithms have been suggested. The objective was to compare free androgen index (FAI), free testosterone estimated using the linear binding model (Vermeulen: cFTV) and the binding framework acco...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Bioscientifica
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Endocrine Connections |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/10/2/EC-20-0552.xml |
| _version_ | 1828944799466520576 |
|---|---|
| author | Stine A Holmboe Ravi Jasuja Brian Lawney Lærke Priskorn Niels Joergensen Allan Linneberg Tina Kold Jensen Niels Erik Skakkebæk Anders Juul Anna-Maria Andersson |
| author_facet | Stine A Holmboe Ravi Jasuja Brian Lawney Lærke Priskorn Niels Joergensen Allan Linneberg Tina Kold Jensen Niels Erik Skakkebæk Anders Juul Anna-Maria Andersson |
| author_sort | Stine A Holmboe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Calculating the free testosterone level has gained increasing interest and different indirect algorithms have been suggested. The objective was to compare free androgen index (FAI), free testosterone estimated using the linear binding model (Vermeulen: cFTV) and the binding framework accounting for allosterically coupled SHBG monomers (Zakharov: cFTZ) in relation to cardiometabolic condit ions.
Design: A prospective cohort study including 5350 men, aged 30–70 years, participating in population-based surveys (MONICA I–III and Inter99) from 1982 to 2001 and followed until December 2012 with baseline and follow-up information on cardiometabolic parameters and vital status.
Results: Using age-standardized hormone levels, FAI was higher among men with baseline cardiometabolic conditions, whereas cFTV and cFTZ levels were lower compared to men without these conditions as also seen for total testoste rone. Men in highest quartiles of cFTV or cFTZ had lower risk of developing type 2 d iabetes (cFTV: HR = 0.74 (0.49–1.10), cFTZ: HR = 0.59 (0.39–0.91)) than men in lowest quartile. In contrast, me n with highest levels of FAI had a 74% (1.17–2.59) increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to men in lowest quartile.
Conclusion: The association of estimated free testosterone and the studied outcomes differ depending on algorithm used. cFTV and cFTZ showed similar assoc iations to baseline and long-term cardiometabolic parameters. In contrast, an empiric r atio, FAI, showed opposite associations to several of the examined parameters and may refle ct limited clinical utility. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T04:40:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee8b12539b324e1a9655056781a00334 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-3614 2049-3614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T04:40:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Bioscientifica |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrine Connections |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee8b12539b324e1a9655056781a003342022-12-21T23:16:50ZengBioscientificaEndocrine Connections2049-36142049-36142021-03-01102220229https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0552Free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men: comparison of algorithmsStine A Holmboe0Ravi Jasuja1Brian Lawney2Lærke Priskorn3Niels Joergensen4Allan Linneberg5Tina Kold Jensen6Niels Erik Skakkebæk7Anders Juul8Anna-Maria Andersson9Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Research Program in Men’s Health: Aging and Metabolism, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USAResearch Program in Men’s Health: Aging and Metabolism, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DenmarkDepartment of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkObjective: Calculating the free testosterone level has gained increasing interest and different indirect algorithms have been suggested. The objective was to compare free androgen index (FAI), free testosterone estimated using the linear binding model (Vermeulen: cFTV) and the binding framework accounting for allosterically coupled SHBG monomers (Zakharov: cFTZ) in relation to cardiometabolic condit ions. Design: A prospective cohort study including 5350 men, aged 30–70 years, participating in population-based surveys (MONICA I–III and Inter99) from 1982 to 2001 and followed until December 2012 with baseline and follow-up information on cardiometabolic parameters and vital status. Results: Using age-standardized hormone levels, FAI was higher among men with baseline cardiometabolic conditions, whereas cFTV and cFTZ levels were lower compared to men without these conditions as also seen for total testoste rone. Men in highest quartiles of cFTV or cFTZ had lower risk of developing type 2 d iabetes (cFTV: HR = 0.74 (0.49–1.10), cFTZ: HR = 0.59 (0.39–0.91)) than men in lowest quartile. In contrast, me n with highest levels of FAI had a 74% (1.17–2.59) increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to men in lowest quartile. Conclusion: The association of estimated free testosterone and the studied outcomes differ depending on algorithm used. cFTV and cFTZ showed similar assoc iations to baseline and long-term cardiometabolic parameters. In contrast, an empiric r atio, FAI, showed opposite associations to several of the examined parameters and may refle ct limited clinical utility.https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/10/2/EC-20-0552.xmlfree testosteronetotal testosteronemetabolic syndromefollow-up study |
| spellingShingle | Stine A Holmboe Ravi Jasuja Brian Lawney Lærke Priskorn Niels Joergensen Allan Linneberg Tina Kold Jensen Niels Erik Skakkebæk Anders Juul Anna-Maria Andersson Free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men: comparison of algorithms Endocrine Connections free testosterone total testosterone metabolic syndrome follow-up study |
| title | Free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men: comparison of algorithms |
| title_full | Free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men: comparison of algorithms |
| title_fullStr | Free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men: comparison of algorithms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men: comparison of algorithms |
| title_short | Free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men: comparison of algorithms |
| title_sort | free testosterone and cardiometabolic parameters in men comparison of algorithms |
| topic | free testosterone total testosterone metabolic syndrome follow-up study |
| url | https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/10/2/EC-20-0552.xml |
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