Reaction of Perrhenate with Phthalocyanine Derivatives in the Presence of Reducing Agents and Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications
Abstract A novel alternative route to access rhenium(V)−phthalocyanine complexes through direct metalation of metal‐free phthalocyanines (H2Pcs) with a rhenium(VII) salt in the presence of various two‐electron reducing agents is presented. Direct ion metalation of tetraamino‐ or tetranitrophthalocya...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley-VCH
2022-07-01
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| Series: | ChemistryOpen |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/open.202200037 |
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| author | Dr. Songeziwe Ntsimango Sendibitiyosi Gandidzanwa Sinelizwi V. Joseph Dr. Eric C. Hosten Marvin Randall Prof. Dr. Adrienne L. Edkins Prof. Dr. Samson M. Khene Prof. Dr. Philani Mashazi Prof. Dr. Tebello Nyokong Dr. Abubak'r Abrahams Prof. Dr. Zenixole R. Tshentu |
| author_facet | Dr. Songeziwe Ntsimango Sendibitiyosi Gandidzanwa Sinelizwi V. Joseph Dr. Eric C. Hosten Marvin Randall Prof. Dr. Adrienne L. Edkins Prof. Dr. Samson M. Khene Prof. Dr. Philani Mashazi Prof. Dr. Tebello Nyokong Dr. Abubak'r Abrahams Prof. Dr. Zenixole R. Tshentu |
| author_sort | Dr. Songeziwe Ntsimango |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract A novel alternative route to access rhenium(V)−phthalocyanine complexes through direct metalation of metal‐free phthalocyanines (H2Pcs) with a rhenium(VII) salt in the presence of various two‐electron reducing agents is presented. Direct ion metalation of tetraamino‐ or tetranitrophthalocyanine with perrhenate (ReO4−) in the presence of triphenylphosphine led to oxidative decomposition of the H2Pcs, giving their respective phthalonitriles. Conversely, treatment of H2Pcs with ReO4− employing sodium metabisulfite yielded the desired ReVO−Pc complex. Finally, reaction of H2Pcs with ReO4− and NaBH4 as reducing agent led to the formation of rhenium oxide (RexOy) nanoparticles (NPs). The NP synthesis was optimised, and the RexOy NPs were capped with folic acid (FA) conjugated with tetraaminophthalocyanine (TAPc) to enhance their cancer cell targeting ability. The cytotoxicity profile of the resultant RexOy−TAPc−FA NPs was assessed and found to be greater than 80 % viability in four cell lines, namely, MDA−MB‐231, HCC7, HCC1806 and HEK293T. Non‐cytotoxic concentrations were determined and employed in cancer cell localization studies. The particle size effect on localization of NPs was also investigated using confocal fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The smaller NPs (≈10 nm) were found to exhibit stronger fluorescence properties than the ≈50 nm NPs and exhibited better cell localization ability than the ≈50 nm NPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:25:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ee97f0ba6d3a47e2a0149a60336e7030 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2191-1363 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:25:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ChemistryOpen |
| spelling | doaj.art-ee97f0ba6d3a47e2a0149a60336e70302022-12-22T02:07:51ZengWiley-VCHChemistryOpen2191-13632022-07-01117n/an/a10.1002/open.202200037Reaction of Perrhenate with Phthalocyanine Derivatives in the Presence of Reducing Agents and Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles in Biomedical ApplicationsDr. Songeziwe Ntsimango0Sendibitiyosi Gandidzanwa1Sinelizwi V. Joseph2Dr. Eric C. Hosten3Marvin Randall4Prof. Dr. Adrienne L. Edkins5Prof. Dr. Samson M. Khene6Prof. Dr. Philani Mashazi7Prof. Dr. Tebello Nyokong8Dr. Abubak'r Abrahams9Prof. Dr. Zenixole R. Tshentu10Department of Chemistry Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha 6001 South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha 6001 South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha 6001 South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha 6001 South AfricaElectron Microscopy Unit Rhodes University Makhanda 6140 South AfricaBiomedical biotechnology Research Unit (BioBRU), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Rhodes University Makhanda 6140 South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry Rhodes University Makhanda 6140 South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry Rhodes University Makhanda 6140 South AfricaInstitute for Nanotechnology Innovation Rhodes University Makhanda 6140 South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha 6001 South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha 6001 South AfricaAbstract A novel alternative route to access rhenium(V)−phthalocyanine complexes through direct metalation of metal‐free phthalocyanines (H2Pcs) with a rhenium(VII) salt in the presence of various two‐electron reducing agents is presented. Direct ion metalation of tetraamino‐ or tetranitrophthalocyanine with perrhenate (ReO4−) in the presence of triphenylphosphine led to oxidative decomposition of the H2Pcs, giving their respective phthalonitriles. Conversely, treatment of H2Pcs with ReO4− employing sodium metabisulfite yielded the desired ReVO−Pc complex. Finally, reaction of H2Pcs with ReO4− and NaBH4 as reducing agent led to the formation of rhenium oxide (RexOy) nanoparticles (NPs). The NP synthesis was optimised, and the RexOy NPs were capped with folic acid (FA) conjugated with tetraaminophthalocyanine (TAPc) to enhance their cancer cell targeting ability. The cytotoxicity profile of the resultant RexOy−TAPc−FA NPs was assessed and found to be greater than 80 % viability in four cell lines, namely, MDA−MB‐231, HCC7, HCC1806 and HEK293T. Non‐cytotoxic concentrations were determined and employed in cancer cell localization studies. The particle size effect on localization of NPs was also investigated using confocal fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The smaller NPs (≈10 nm) were found to exhibit stronger fluorescence properties than the ≈50 nm NPs and exhibited better cell localization ability than the ≈50 nm NPs.https://doi.org/10.1002/open.202200037hydrolytic cleavagemetalationphthalocyaninesrheniumrhenium oxide nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Dr. Songeziwe Ntsimango Sendibitiyosi Gandidzanwa Sinelizwi V. Joseph Dr. Eric C. Hosten Marvin Randall Prof. Dr. Adrienne L. Edkins Prof. Dr. Samson M. Khene Prof. Dr. Philani Mashazi Prof. Dr. Tebello Nyokong Dr. Abubak'r Abrahams Prof. Dr. Zenixole R. Tshentu Reaction of Perrhenate with Phthalocyanine Derivatives in the Presence of Reducing Agents and Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications ChemistryOpen hydrolytic cleavage metalation phthalocyanines rhenium rhenium oxide nanoparticles |
| title | Reaction of Perrhenate with Phthalocyanine Derivatives in the Presence of Reducing Agents and Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications |
| title_full | Reaction of Perrhenate with Phthalocyanine Derivatives in the Presence of Reducing Agents and Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Reaction of Perrhenate with Phthalocyanine Derivatives in the Presence of Reducing Agents and Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reaction of Perrhenate with Phthalocyanine Derivatives in the Presence of Reducing Agents and Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications |
| title_short | Reaction of Perrhenate with Phthalocyanine Derivatives in the Presence of Reducing Agents and Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications |
| title_sort | reaction of perrhenate with phthalocyanine derivatives in the presence of reducing agents and rhenium oxide nanoparticles in biomedical applications |
| topic | hydrolytic cleavage metalation phthalocyanines rhenium rhenium oxide nanoparticles |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/open.202200037 |
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