Changes in the skin characteristics of Nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sources
Abstract We hypothesized that the protein source in supplements and the insolation and ambient temperature changes in different seasons could cause changes in the skin of Nellore steers during the rearing phase on warm-climate pasture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of repla...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46420-5 |
| _version_ | 1797637011810549760 |
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| author | Lucimara Modesto Nonato Luis Carlos Vinhas Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo Vanessa Zirondi Longhini Alexandre Menezes Dias Gelson dos Santos Difante Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes Rayane Chitolina Pupin Paulo Henrique de Affonseca Jardim Viviane Maria Oliveira dos Santos Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel Carolina Marques Costa Araujo |
| author_facet | Lucimara Modesto Nonato Luis Carlos Vinhas Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo Vanessa Zirondi Longhini Alexandre Menezes Dias Gelson dos Santos Difante Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes Rayane Chitolina Pupin Paulo Henrique de Affonseca Jardim Viviane Maria Oliveira dos Santos Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel Carolina Marques Costa Araujo |
| author_sort | Lucimara Modesto Nonato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We hypothesized that the protein source in supplements and the insolation and ambient temperature changes in different seasons could cause changes in the skin of Nellore steers during the rearing phase on warm-climate pasture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing true protein (soybean meal) with NPN (extruded urea) in the supplement on the skin characteristics of steers grazing on Marandu grass pastures. Thirty-six Nellore steers with an average initial weight of 250.0 kg and 15 months of age were used. Skin biopsies were performed at three different times: summer, autumn, and winter. The protein source has effects on the length of the glandular portion, number of follicles, and gland area in steers during the rearing phase at different seasons of the year. In the summer, the skin presented a higher compact structure, while in the autumn and winter, the skin presented a sparser arrangement. Skin from steers that received soybean meal in supplement had a more significant number of follicles in the summer and a smaller area and length of sweat glands. The dermis thickness of steers supplemented with soybean meal was greater than that of urea supplemented. The epidermis thickness and dermis of the steers' skin were greater at the autumn (April). Sweat gland depth was greater in autumn (April) and winter (July) than in summer (December). The protein source in the supplement alters the skin characteristics by increasing of dermis thickness of Nellore steers during the growth phase. The insolation and ambient temperature changes in different seasons alter the skin structure by increasing the epidermis and dermis thickness, sweat glands depth, and glands area of the skin of steers during the growth phase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:42:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eea0f9d6dd5e47d5b255acbaf4506b27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:42:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-eea0f9d6dd5e47d5b255acbaf4506b272023-11-05T12:14:49ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-11-011311910.1038/s41598-023-46420-5Changes in the skin characteristics of Nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sourcesLucimara Modesto Nonato0Luis Carlos Vinhas Ítavo1Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo2Vanessa Zirondi Longhini3Alexandre Menezes Dias4Gelson dos Santos Difante5Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes6Rayane Chitolina Pupin7Paulo Henrique de Affonseca Jardim8Viviane Maria Oliveira dos Santos9Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel10Carolina Marques Costa Araujo11Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Universidade Federal do PiauíFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulAbstract We hypothesized that the protein source in supplements and the insolation and ambient temperature changes in different seasons could cause changes in the skin of Nellore steers during the rearing phase on warm-climate pasture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing true protein (soybean meal) with NPN (extruded urea) in the supplement on the skin characteristics of steers grazing on Marandu grass pastures. Thirty-six Nellore steers with an average initial weight of 250.0 kg and 15 months of age were used. Skin biopsies were performed at three different times: summer, autumn, and winter. The protein source has effects on the length of the glandular portion, number of follicles, and gland area in steers during the rearing phase at different seasons of the year. In the summer, the skin presented a higher compact structure, while in the autumn and winter, the skin presented a sparser arrangement. Skin from steers that received soybean meal in supplement had a more significant number of follicles in the summer and a smaller area and length of sweat glands. The dermis thickness of steers supplemented with soybean meal was greater than that of urea supplemented. The epidermis thickness and dermis of the steers' skin were greater at the autumn (April). Sweat gland depth was greater in autumn (April) and winter (July) than in summer (December). The protein source in the supplement alters the skin characteristics by increasing of dermis thickness of Nellore steers during the growth phase. The insolation and ambient temperature changes in different seasons alter the skin structure by increasing the epidermis and dermis thickness, sweat glands depth, and glands area of the skin of steers during the growth phase.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46420-5 |
| spellingShingle | Lucimara Modesto Nonato Luis Carlos Vinhas Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo Vanessa Zirondi Longhini Alexandre Menezes Dias Gelson dos Santos Difante Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes Rayane Chitolina Pupin Paulo Henrique de Affonseca Jardim Viviane Maria Oliveira dos Santos Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel Carolina Marques Costa Araujo Changes in the skin characteristics of Nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sources Scientific Reports |
| title | Changes in the skin characteristics of Nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sources |
| title_full | Changes in the skin characteristics of Nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sources |
| title_fullStr | Changes in the skin characteristics of Nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sources |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in the skin characteristics of Nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sources |
| title_short | Changes in the skin characteristics of Nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sources |
| title_sort | changes in the skin characteristics of nellore steers during the rearing phase in hot climate pasture supplemented with protein sources |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46420-5 |
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