The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis
ABSTRACT Cryptococcosis is a potentially lethal disease of humans/animals caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. Distinction between the two species is based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Recently, it was proposed that C. neoformans be divided into two species and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2017-02-01
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| Series: | mSphere |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00357-16 |
| _version_ | 1818399011731668992 |
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| author | Kyung J. Kwon-Chung John E. Bennett Brian L. Wickes Wieland Meyer Christina A. Cuomo Kurt R. Wollenburg Tihana A. Bicanic Elizabeth Castañeda Yun C. Chang Jianghan Chen Massimo Cogliati Françoise Dromer David Ellis Scott G. Filler Matthew C. Fisher Thomas S. Harrison Steven M. Holland Shigeru Kohno James W. Kronstad Marcia Lazera Stuart M. Levitz Michail S. Lionakis Robin C. May Popchai Ngamskulrongroj Peter G. Pappas John R. Perfect Volker Rickerts Tania C. Sorrell Thomas J. Walsh Peter R. Williamson Jianping Xu Adrian M. Zelazny Arturo Casadevall |
| author_facet | Kyung J. Kwon-Chung John E. Bennett Brian L. Wickes Wieland Meyer Christina A. Cuomo Kurt R. Wollenburg Tihana A. Bicanic Elizabeth Castañeda Yun C. Chang Jianghan Chen Massimo Cogliati Françoise Dromer David Ellis Scott G. Filler Matthew C. Fisher Thomas S. Harrison Steven M. Holland Shigeru Kohno James W. Kronstad Marcia Lazera Stuart M. Levitz Michail S. Lionakis Robin C. May Popchai Ngamskulrongroj Peter G. Pappas John R. Perfect Volker Rickerts Tania C. Sorrell Thomas J. Walsh Peter R. Williamson Jianping Xu Adrian M. Zelazny Arturo Casadevall |
| author_sort | Kyung J. Kwon-Chung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Cryptococcosis is a potentially lethal disease of humans/animals caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. Distinction between the two species is based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Recently, it was proposed that C. neoformans be divided into two species and C. gattii into five species based on a phylogenetic analysis of 115 isolates. While this proposal adds to the knowledge about the genetic diversity and population structure of cryptococcosis agents, the published genotypes of 2,606 strains have already revealed more genetic diversity than is encompassed by seven species. Naming every clade as a separate species at this juncture will lead to continuing nomenclatural instability. In the absence of biological differences between clades and no consensus about how DNA sequence alone can delineate a species, we recommend using “Cryptococcus neoformans species complex” and “C. gattii species complex” as a practical intermediate step, rather than creating more species. This strategy recognizes genetic diversity without creating confusion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:13:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eeaece6227554f1f841b23e57e1fe95e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-5042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:13:54Z |
| publishDate | 2017-02-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | mSphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-eeaece6227554f1f841b23e57e1fe95e2022-12-21T23:11:44ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymSphere2379-50422017-02-012110.1128/mSphere.00357-16The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of CryptococcosisKyung J. Kwon-Chung0John E. Bennett1Brian L. Wickes2Wieland Meyer3Christina A. Cuomo4Kurt R. Wollenburg5Tihana A. Bicanic6Elizabeth Castañeda7Yun C. Chang8Jianghan Chen9Massimo Cogliati10Françoise Dromer11David Ellis12Scott G. Filler13Matthew C. Fisher14Thomas S. Harrison15Steven M. Holland16Shigeru Kohno17James W. Kronstad18Marcia Lazera19Stuart M. Levitz20Michail S. Lionakis21Robin C. May22Popchai Ngamskulrongroj23Peter G. Pappas24John R. Perfect25Volker Rickerts26Tania C. Sorrell27Thomas J. Walsh28Peter R. Williamson29Jianping Xu30Adrian M. Zelazny31Arturo Casadevall32Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USALaboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USAUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USAMolecular Mycology Research Laboratory, University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAOffice of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USAInstitute of Infection and Immunity, St. George’s University of London, London, United KingdomColombia Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogota, ColombiaLaboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USAMycology Center, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, ChinaDipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyInstitut Pasteur, Molecular Mycology Unit, Paris, FranceSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, AustraliaLos Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USADepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomInstitute of Infection and Immunity, St. George’s University of London, London, United KingdomLaboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USANagasaki University, Nagasaki, JapanMichael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, CanadaInstituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDepartment of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USALaboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USAInstitute of Microbiology and Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United KingdomFaculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USADuke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USARobert Koch Institut, Berlin, GermanyWestmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, AustraliaDepartments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USALaboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USADepartment of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USAJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USAABSTRACT Cryptococcosis is a potentially lethal disease of humans/animals caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. Distinction between the two species is based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Recently, it was proposed that C. neoformans be divided into two species and C. gattii into five species based on a phylogenetic analysis of 115 isolates. While this proposal adds to the knowledge about the genetic diversity and population structure of cryptococcosis agents, the published genotypes of 2,606 strains have already revealed more genetic diversity than is encompassed by seven species. Naming every clade as a separate species at this juncture will lead to continuing nomenclatural instability. In the absence of biological differences between clades and no consensus about how DNA sequence alone can delineate a species, we recommend using “Cryptococcus neoformans species complex” and “C. gattii species complex” as a practical intermediate step, rather than creating more species. This strategy recognizes genetic diversity without creating confusion.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00357-16CryptococcosisCryptococcus gattiiCryptococcus neoformanscladegenetic diversitynew nomenclature |
| spellingShingle | Kyung J. Kwon-Chung John E. Bennett Brian L. Wickes Wieland Meyer Christina A. Cuomo Kurt R. Wollenburg Tihana A. Bicanic Elizabeth Castañeda Yun C. Chang Jianghan Chen Massimo Cogliati Françoise Dromer David Ellis Scott G. Filler Matthew C. Fisher Thomas S. Harrison Steven M. Holland Shigeru Kohno James W. Kronstad Marcia Lazera Stuart M. Levitz Michail S. Lionakis Robin C. May Popchai Ngamskulrongroj Peter G. Pappas John R. Perfect Volker Rickerts Tania C. Sorrell Thomas J. Walsh Peter R. Williamson Jianping Xu Adrian M. Zelazny Arturo Casadevall The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis mSphere Cryptococcosis Cryptococcus gattii Cryptococcus neoformans clade genetic diversity new nomenclature |
| title | The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis |
| title_full | The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis |
| title_fullStr | The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis |
| title_short | The Case for Adopting the “Species Complex” Nomenclature for the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis |
| title_sort | case for adopting the species complex nomenclature for the etiologic agents of cryptococcosis |
| topic | Cryptococcosis Cryptococcus gattii Cryptococcus neoformans clade genetic diversity new nomenclature |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00357-16 |
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