Morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosis
Background: Balanoposthitis is a common dermatological condition across the globe, but studies describing clinico-morphologic features and their diagnostic correlates are scarce. Objective: To study various morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with etiological diagnosis. M...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Dermatology Online Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://www.idoj.in/article.asp?issn=2229-5178;year=2023;volume=14;issue=2;spage=187;epage=194;aulast=Jain |
| _version_ | 1797824409111625728 |
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| author | Manish Jain Farzana Ansari Nidheesh Agarwal Asit K Mittal |
| author_facet | Manish Jain Farzana Ansari Nidheesh Agarwal Asit K Mittal |
| author_sort | Manish Jain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Balanoposthitis is a common dermatological condition across the globe, but studies describing clinico-morphologic features and their diagnostic correlates are scarce. Objective: To study various morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with etiological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all patients with balanoposthitis visiting the dermatology out-patient department and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic over a period of 8 months. Detailed history, demographic data, and clinical features were recorded. Relevant investigations were performed. Results: A total of 129 patients of balanoposthitis were studied. Common causes were because of candida (33.3%), bacteria (17.1%), irritants (13.3%), herpes (11.4%), drugs (8.6%), and lichen sclerosus (6.7%). Common morphological patterns were erosion/confluent wet erythema with sub-preputial discharge (24.81%), fissure with superficial pustules (15.5%), fissure alone (13.18%), patchy dry erythema (11.63%), and superficial pustules (intact or exfoliated) with or without underlying erythema (10.85%). Fissure and superficial pustules were the most common presentation of candidal balanoposthitis (51.43%), erosions/confluent wet erythema with sub-preputial discharge of bacterial balanitis (55.56%), and patchy dry erythema of irritant balanitis (50%). Limitations: Detailed investigations such as fungal culture, herpes serology, real-time polymerase chain reaction and histopathology could not be performed. Conclusion: Certain morphological patterns of balanoposthitis strongly point toward final diagnosis which can help in quick diagnosis and early treatment in resource poor settings, especially in STDs. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eeb63c729fad4b1d9b9b3ecea8cc790f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2229-5178 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:38:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Dermatology Online Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-eeb63c729fad4b1d9b9b3ecea8cc790f2023-05-18T05:20:17ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Dermatology Online Journal2229-51782023-01-0114218719410.4103/idoj.idoj_197_22Morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosisManish JainFarzana AnsariNidheesh AgarwalAsit K MittalBackground: Balanoposthitis is a common dermatological condition across the globe, but studies describing clinico-morphologic features and their diagnostic correlates are scarce. Objective: To study various morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with etiological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all patients with balanoposthitis visiting the dermatology out-patient department and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic over a period of 8 months. Detailed history, demographic data, and clinical features were recorded. Relevant investigations were performed. Results: A total of 129 patients of balanoposthitis were studied. Common causes were because of candida (33.3%), bacteria (17.1%), irritants (13.3%), herpes (11.4%), drugs (8.6%), and lichen sclerosus (6.7%). Common morphological patterns were erosion/confluent wet erythema with sub-preputial discharge (24.81%), fissure with superficial pustules (15.5%), fissure alone (13.18%), patchy dry erythema (11.63%), and superficial pustules (intact or exfoliated) with or without underlying erythema (10.85%). Fissure and superficial pustules were the most common presentation of candidal balanoposthitis (51.43%), erosions/confluent wet erythema with sub-preputial discharge of bacterial balanitis (55.56%), and patchy dry erythema of irritant balanitis (50%). Limitations: Detailed investigations such as fungal culture, herpes serology, real-time polymerase chain reaction and histopathology could not be performed. Conclusion: Certain morphological patterns of balanoposthitis strongly point toward final diagnosis which can help in quick diagnosis and early treatment in resource poor settings, especially in STDs.http://www.idoj.in/article.asp?issn=2229-5178;year=2023;volume=14;issue=2;spage=187;epage=194;aulast=Jainatopicbacterial balanitisbalanoposthitiscandidal balanitiscircumcisiondiabeticdiagnostic correlationirritant balanitismorphological patterns/featurespenile hygienepersistent balanitisrecurrent balanitis |
| spellingShingle | Manish Jain Farzana Ansari Nidheesh Agarwal Asit K Mittal Morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosis Indian Dermatology Online Journal atopic bacterial balanitis balanoposthitis candidal balanitis circumcision diabetic diagnostic correlation irritant balanitis morphological patterns/features penile hygiene persistent balanitis recurrent balanitis |
| title | Morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosis |
| title_full | Morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosis |
| title_fullStr | Morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosis |
| title_short | Morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosis |
| title_sort | morphological patterns of balanoposthitis and their correlation with final etiological diagnosis |
| topic | atopic bacterial balanitis balanoposthitis candidal balanitis circumcision diabetic diagnostic correlation irritant balanitis morphological patterns/features penile hygiene persistent balanitis recurrent balanitis |
| url | http://www.idoj.in/article.asp?issn=2229-5178;year=2023;volume=14;issue=2;spage=187;epage=194;aulast=Jain |
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