Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes
Nutrition is one of the most influential environmental factors in both taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota as well as in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence has shown that the effects of nutrition on both these parameters is not mutually exclusive and that changes...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/269 |
| _version_ | 1797339513303859200 |
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| author | Sevag Hamamah Oana C. Iatcu Mihai Covasa |
| author_facet | Sevag Hamamah Oana C. Iatcu Mihai Covasa |
| author_sort | Sevag Hamamah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nutrition is one of the most influential environmental factors in both taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota as well as in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence has shown that the effects of nutrition on both these parameters is not mutually exclusive and that changes in gut microbiota and related metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) may influence systemic inflammation and signaling pathways that contribute to pathophysiological processes associated with T2DM. With this background, our review highlights the effects of macronutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, as well as micronutrients, vitamins, and minerals, on T2DM, specifically through their alterations in gut microbiota and the metabolites they produce. Additionally, we describe the influences of common food groups, which incorporate varying combinations of these macronutrients and micronutrients, on both microbiota and metabolic parameters in the context of diabetes mellitus. Overall, nutrition is one of the first line modifiable therapies in the management of T2DM and a better understanding of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence its pathophysiology provides opportunities for optimizing dietary interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:49:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eeb977f1e2ba42ffaa9b304e92680c8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:49:14Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-eeb977f1e2ba42ffaa9b304e92680c8b2024-01-29T14:10:07ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432024-01-0116226910.3390/nu16020269Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 DiabetesSevag Hamamah0Oana C. Iatcu1Mihai Covasa2Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, RomaniaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USANutrition is one of the most influential environmental factors in both taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota as well as in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence has shown that the effects of nutrition on both these parameters is not mutually exclusive and that changes in gut microbiota and related metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) may influence systemic inflammation and signaling pathways that contribute to pathophysiological processes associated with T2DM. With this background, our review highlights the effects of macronutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, as well as micronutrients, vitamins, and minerals, on T2DM, specifically through their alterations in gut microbiota and the metabolites they produce. Additionally, we describe the influences of common food groups, which incorporate varying combinations of these macronutrients and micronutrients, on both microbiota and metabolic parameters in the context of diabetes mellitus. Overall, nutrition is one of the first line modifiable therapies in the management of T2DM and a better understanding of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence its pathophysiology provides opportunities for optimizing dietary interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/269gut bacteriamacronutrientsmicronutrientsfood groupsinsulin resistance |
| spellingShingle | Sevag Hamamah Oana C. Iatcu Mihai Covasa Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes Nutrients gut bacteria macronutrients micronutrients food groups insulin resistance |
| title | Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes |
| title_full | Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes |
| title_fullStr | Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes |
| title_short | Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes |
| title_sort | nutrition at the intersection between gut microbiota eubiosis and effective management of type 2 diabetes |
| topic | gut bacteria macronutrients micronutrients food groups insulin resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/269 |
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