Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland Cement
Porous ceramic membranes for aqueous microfiltration and ultrafiltration processes suffer from the high-costs of material and processing. The latter is mainly due to the high-temperature sintering step. In this work, cement-based membrane supports from ultrafine Portland cement are studied as a low-...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/5/93 |
| _version_ | 1797568437518598144 |
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| author | Amanmyrat Abdullayev Paul H. Kamm Maged F. Bekheet Aleksander Gurlo |
| author_facet | Amanmyrat Abdullayev Paul H. Kamm Maged F. Bekheet Aleksander Gurlo |
| author_sort | Amanmyrat Abdullayev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Porous ceramic membranes for aqueous microfiltration and ultrafiltration processes suffer from the high-costs of material and processing. The latter is mainly due to the high-temperature sintering step. In this work, cement-based membrane supports from ultrafine Portland cement are studied as a low-cost alternative to traditional oxidic ceramic supports. An environmentally friendly freeze-casting fabrication route is applied for the fabrication of porous membrane supports. Cement membrane supports are becoming mechanically stabile after hydration reaction of cement with water, which does not require any high-temperature sintering step as in a conventional ceramic membrane fabrication process. This fabrication route, which is sintering-free, decreases the cost and environmental impact of the membrane fabrication process by eliminating extra energy consumption step during sintering. The Archimedes method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-computed tomographic (µCT), and mercury porosimetry characterize the membrane supports in respect to open porosity, pore size distribution, morphology, and connectivity. The flexural strength of the 3 mm thick membranes is in the range from 1 to 6 MPa, as obtained by the ring-on-ring tests. The obtained membrane supports possess porosity in the range between 48 and 73% depending on fabrication conditions (cooling rate and the solid content, as determined by Archimedes method enabling water flux in the range between 79 and 180 L/(h·m<sup>2</sup>) at 0.5 bar transmembrane pressure difference and 3 mm membrane thickness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:56:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eeca652a70b6461c907ec939e52dd91d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:56:57Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-eeca652a70b6461c907ec939e52dd91d2023-11-19T23:55:23ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752020-05-011059310.3390/membranes10050093Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland CementAmanmyrat Abdullayev0Paul H. Kamm1Maged F. Bekheet2Aleksander Gurlo3Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Applied Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, GermanyFachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, GermanyFachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, GermanyPorous ceramic membranes for aqueous microfiltration and ultrafiltration processes suffer from the high-costs of material and processing. The latter is mainly due to the high-temperature sintering step. In this work, cement-based membrane supports from ultrafine Portland cement are studied as a low-cost alternative to traditional oxidic ceramic supports. An environmentally friendly freeze-casting fabrication route is applied for the fabrication of porous membrane supports. Cement membrane supports are becoming mechanically stabile after hydration reaction of cement with water, which does not require any high-temperature sintering step as in a conventional ceramic membrane fabrication process. This fabrication route, which is sintering-free, decreases the cost and environmental impact of the membrane fabrication process by eliminating extra energy consumption step during sintering. The Archimedes method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-computed tomographic (µCT), and mercury porosimetry characterize the membrane supports in respect to open porosity, pore size distribution, morphology, and connectivity. The flexural strength of the 3 mm thick membranes is in the range from 1 to 6 MPa, as obtained by the ring-on-ring tests. The obtained membrane supports possess porosity in the range between 48 and 73% depending on fabrication conditions (cooling rate and the solid content, as determined by Archimedes method enabling water flux in the range between 79 and 180 L/(h·m<sup>2</sup>) at 0.5 bar transmembrane pressure difference and 3 mm membrane thickness.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/5/93freeze castingcementmembranesintering-freewater flux |
| spellingShingle | Amanmyrat Abdullayev Paul H. Kamm Maged F. Bekheet Aleksander Gurlo Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland Cement Membranes freeze casting cement membrane sintering-free water flux |
| title | Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland Cement |
| title_full | Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland Cement |
| title_fullStr | Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland Cement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland Cement |
| title_short | Fabrication and Characterization of Ice Templated Membrane Supports from Portland Cement |
| title_sort | fabrication and characterization of ice templated membrane supports from portland cement |
| topic | freeze casting cement membrane sintering-free water flux |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/5/93 |
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