Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity
Background: Few studies have evaluated COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI).Objective: To evaluate the levels of antibody (Ab) production and function after COVID-19 vaccination in IEI patients with phagocytic, complement, and Ab deficiencies and their compariso...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_49603_50e4dfca38133aa7c415a126cc9b55c8.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797371321409077248 |
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| author | Maryam Nourizadeh Elham Feizabadi Milad Mirmoghtadaei Ashraf Mohammadi Mohammad Reza Fazlollahi Leila Moradi Zahra Pourpak |
| author_facet | Maryam Nourizadeh Elham Feizabadi Milad Mirmoghtadaei Ashraf Mohammadi Mohammad Reza Fazlollahi Leila Moradi Zahra Pourpak |
| author_sort | Maryam Nourizadeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Few studies have evaluated COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI).Objective: To evaluate the levels of antibody (Ab) production and function after COVID-19 vaccination in IEI patients with phagocytic, complement, and Ab deficiencies and their comparison with healthy controls.Methods: Serum samples were collected from 41 patients and 32 healthy controls at least one month after the second dose of vaccination, while clinical evaluations continued until the end of the third dose. Levels of specific anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG and anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies were measured using EUROIMMUN and ChemoBind kits, respectively. Conventional SARS-CoV-2 neutralization test (cVNT) was also performed. Cutoff values of ≤20, 20-80, and ≥80 (for cVNT and Chemobined) and 0.8-4.2, 4.2-8.5, and ≥8.5 (for EUROIMMUN) were defined as negative/weak, positive/moderate, and positive/significant, respectively.Results: A considerable distinction was observed between the Ab-deficient patients and the controls for Ab concentration (EUROIMMUN, p<0.01) and neutralization (ChemoBind, p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference compared with the other patient groups. A near-zero cVNT in Ab-deficient patients was found compared to the controls (p<0.01). A significant correlation between the two kits was found using the whole data (R2=0.82, p<0.0001).Conclusion: Despite varying degrees of Ab production, all Ab deficient patients, as well as almost half of those with complement and phagocytic defects, did not effectively neutralize the virus (cVNT). In light of the decreased production and efficiency of the vaccine, a revised immunization plan may be needed in IEI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:18:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eee3004f26894a629f53369569f3a4c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-1383 1735-367X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:18:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Shiraz University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-eee3004f26894a629f53369569f3a4c72023-12-31T08:48:27ZengShiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Immunology1735-13831735-367X2023-12-0120440040910.22034/iji.2023.97759.252549603Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Inborn Errors of ImmunityMaryam Nourizadeh0Elham Feizabadi1Milad Mirmoghtadaei2Ashraf Mohammadi3Mohammad Reza Fazlollahi4Leila Moradi5Zahra Pourpak6Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Human Viral Vaccines Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Background: Few studies have evaluated COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI).Objective: To evaluate the levels of antibody (Ab) production and function after COVID-19 vaccination in IEI patients with phagocytic, complement, and Ab deficiencies and their comparison with healthy controls.Methods: Serum samples were collected from 41 patients and 32 healthy controls at least one month after the second dose of vaccination, while clinical evaluations continued until the end of the third dose. Levels of specific anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG and anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies were measured using EUROIMMUN and ChemoBind kits, respectively. Conventional SARS-CoV-2 neutralization test (cVNT) was also performed. Cutoff values of ≤20, 20-80, and ≥80 (for cVNT and Chemobined) and 0.8-4.2, 4.2-8.5, and ≥8.5 (for EUROIMMUN) were defined as negative/weak, positive/moderate, and positive/significant, respectively.Results: A considerable distinction was observed between the Ab-deficient patients and the controls for Ab concentration (EUROIMMUN, p<0.01) and neutralization (ChemoBind, p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference compared with the other patient groups. A near-zero cVNT in Ab-deficient patients was found compared to the controls (p<0.01). A significant correlation between the two kits was found using the whole data (R2=0.82, p<0.0001).Conclusion: Despite varying degrees of Ab production, all Ab deficient patients, as well as almost half of those with complement and phagocytic defects, did not effectively neutralize the virus (cVNT). In light of the decreased production and efficiency of the vaccine, a revised immunization plan may be needed in IEI.https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_49603_50e4dfca38133aa7c415a126cc9b55c8.pdfcovid-19 vaccinesimmunologic deficiency syndromesneutralization testsviral antibodies |
| spellingShingle | Maryam Nourizadeh Elham Feizabadi Milad Mirmoghtadaei Ashraf Mohammadi Mohammad Reza Fazlollahi Leila Moradi Zahra Pourpak Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity Iranian Journal of Immunology covid-19 vaccines immunologic deficiency syndromes neutralization tests viral antibodies |
| title | Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity |
| title_full | Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity |
| title_fullStr | Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity |
| title_short | Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity |
| title_sort | antibody production after covid 19 vaccination in patients with inborn errors of immunity |
| topic | covid-19 vaccines immunologic deficiency syndromes neutralization tests viral antibodies |
| url | https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_49603_50e4dfca38133aa7c415a126cc9b55c8.pdf |
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