Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss – a systematic review and meta-analysis. [version 3; peer review: 2 approved]
Background: After a diet- or surgery induced weight loss almost 1/3 of lost weight consists of fat free mass (FFM) if carried out without additional therapy. Exercise training and a sufficient supply of protein, calcium and vitamin D is recommended to reduce the loss of FFM. Objective: To investigat...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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F1000 Research Ltd
2022-09-01
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| Series: | F1000Research |
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| Online Access: | https://f1000research.com/articles/11-8/v3 |
| _version_ | 1811227001572294656 |
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| author | Lara Allet Martin Sattelmayer Anja Roth Simone Gafner Chloé Schorderet |
| author_facet | Lara Allet Martin Sattelmayer Anja Roth Simone Gafner Chloé Schorderet |
| author_sort | Lara Allet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: After a diet- or surgery induced weight loss almost 1/3 of lost weight consists of fat free mass (FFM) if carried out without additional therapy. Exercise training and a sufficient supply of protein, calcium and vitamin D is recommended to reduce the loss of FFM. Objective: To investigate the effect of exercise training, protein, calcium, and vitamin D supplementation on the preservation of FFM during non-surgical and surgical weight loss and of the combination of all interventions together in adults with obesity. Methods: A systematic review was performed with a pairwise meta-analysis and an exploratory network meta-analysis according to the PRISMA statement. Results: Thirty studies were included in the quantitative analysis. The pairwise meta-analysis showed for Exercise Training + High Protein vs. High Protein a moderate and statistically significant effect size (SMD 0.45; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.86), for Exercise Training + High Protein vs. Exercise Training a high but statistically not significant effect size (SMD 0.91; 95% CI -0.59 to 2.41) and for Exercise Training alone vs. Control a moderate but statistically not significant effect size (SMD 0.67; 95% CI -0.25 to 1.60). In the exploratory network meta-analysis three interventions showed statistically significant effect sizes compared to Control and all of them included the treatment Exercise Training. Conclusions: Results underline the importance of exercise training and a sufficient protein intake to preserve FFM during weight loss in adults with obesity. The effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation remains controversial and further research are needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:35:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef01b3ea082d4bdd90b81dfd4becd471 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:35:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | F1000 Research Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | F1000Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef01b3ea082d4bdd90b81dfd4becd4712022-12-22T03:38:16ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022022-09-0111137935Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss – a systematic review and meta-analysis. [version 3; peer review: 2 approved]Lara Allet0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3260-7176Martin Sattelmayer1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8001-4776Anja Roth2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-3585Simone Gafner3Chloé Schorderet4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-678XSchool of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Valais, HES-SO Valais Wallis, Sion, SwitzerlandSchool of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Valais, HES-SO Valais Wallis, Leukerbad, SwitzerlandBern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, SwitzerlandGeneva School of Health Sciences, Genève, SwitzerlandSchool of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Valais, HES-SO Valais Wallis, Sion, SwitzerlandBackground: After a diet- or surgery induced weight loss almost 1/3 of lost weight consists of fat free mass (FFM) if carried out without additional therapy. Exercise training and a sufficient supply of protein, calcium and vitamin D is recommended to reduce the loss of FFM. Objective: To investigate the effect of exercise training, protein, calcium, and vitamin D supplementation on the preservation of FFM during non-surgical and surgical weight loss and of the combination of all interventions together in adults with obesity. Methods: A systematic review was performed with a pairwise meta-analysis and an exploratory network meta-analysis according to the PRISMA statement. Results: Thirty studies were included in the quantitative analysis. The pairwise meta-analysis showed for Exercise Training + High Protein vs. High Protein a moderate and statistically significant effect size (SMD 0.45; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.86), for Exercise Training + High Protein vs. Exercise Training a high but statistically not significant effect size (SMD 0.91; 95% CI -0.59 to 2.41) and for Exercise Training alone vs. Control a moderate but statistically not significant effect size (SMD 0.67; 95% CI -0.25 to 1.60). In the exploratory network meta-analysis three interventions showed statistically significant effect sizes compared to Control and all of them included the treatment Exercise Training. Conclusions: Results underline the importance of exercise training and a sufficient protein intake to preserve FFM during weight loss in adults with obesity. The effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation remains controversial and further research are needed.https://f1000research.com/articles/11-8/v3weight loss obesity fat free mass body composition exercise training eng |
| spellingShingle | Lara Allet Martin Sattelmayer Anja Roth Simone Gafner Chloé Schorderet Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss – a systematic review and meta-analysis. [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] F1000Research weight loss obesity fat free mass body composition exercise training eng |
| title | Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss – a systematic review and meta-analysis. [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_full | Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss – a systematic review and meta-analysis. [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_fullStr | Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss – a systematic review and meta-analysis. [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss – a systematic review and meta-analysis. [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_short | Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss – a systematic review and meta-analysis. [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_sort | effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss a systematic review and meta analysis version 3 peer review 2 approved |
| topic | weight loss obesity fat free mass body composition exercise training eng |
| url | https://f1000research.com/articles/11-8/v3 |
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