Schistosomiasis vaccine development: update on human clinical trials
Abstract Schistosomiasis causes significant levels of morbidity and mortality in many geographical regions of the world. The disease is caused by infections with parasitic blood flukes known as schistosomes. The control of schistosomiasis over the last several decades has been centered on the mass d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Biomedical Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-020-0621-y |
| _version_ | 1818970776586420224 |
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| author | Adebayo J. Molehin |
| author_facet | Adebayo J. Molehin |
| author_sort | Adebayo J. Molehin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Schistosomiasis causes significant levels of morbidity and mortality in many geographical regions of the world. The disease is caused by infections with parasitic blood flukes known as schistosomes. The control of schistosomiasis over the last several decades has been centered on the mass drug administration (MDA) of praziquantel (PZQ), which is the only drug currently available for treatment. Despite the concerted efforts of MDA programs, the prevalence and transmission of schistosomiasis has remained largely unchecked due to the fact that PZQ is ineffective against juvenile schistosomes, does not prevent re-infection and the emergence of PZQ-resistant parasites. In addition, other measures such as the water, sanitation and hygiene programs and snail intermediate hosts control have had little to no impact. These drawbacks indicate that the current control strategies are severely inadequate at interrupting transmission and therefore, implementation of other control strategies are required. Ideally, an efficient vaccine is what is needed for long term protection thereby eliminating the current efforts of repeated mass drug administration. However, the general consensus in the field is that the integration of a viable vaccine with MDA and other control measures offer the best chance of achieving the goal of schistosomiasis elimination. This review focuses on the present status of schistosomiasis vaccine candidates in different phases of human clinical trials and provide some insight into future vaccine discovery and design. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T14:41:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef085a8671404f9797a30a78de8f0add |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1423-0127 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T14:41:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Biomedical Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef085a8671404f9797a30a78de8f0add2022-12-21T19:37:16ZengBMCJournal of Biomedical Science1423-01272020-01-012711710.1186/s12929-020-0621-ySchistosomiasis vaccine development: update on human clinical trialsAdebayo J. Molehin0Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterAbstract Schistosomiasis causes significant levels of morbidity and mortality in many geographical regions of the world. The disease is caused by infections with parasitic blood flukes known as schistosomes. The control of schistosomiasis over the last several decades has been centered on the mass drug administration (MDA) of praziquantel (PZQ), which is the only drug currently available for treatment. Despite the concerted efforts of MDA programs, the prevalence and transmission of schistosomiasis has remained largely unchecked due to the fact that PZQ is ineffective against juvenile schistosomes, does not prevent re-infection and the emergence of PZQ-resistant parasites. In addition, other measures such as the water, sanitation and hygiene programs and snail intermediate hosts control have had little to no impact. These drawbacks indicate that the current control strategies are severely inadequate at interrupting transmission and therefore, implementation of other control strategies are required. Ideally, an efficient vaccine is what is needed for long term protection thereby eliminating the current efforts of repeated mass drug administration. However, the general consensus in the field is that the integration of a viable vaccine with MDA and other control measures offer the best chance of achieving the goal of schistosomiasis elimination. This review focuses on the present status of schistosomiasis vaccine candidates in different phases of human clinical trials and provide some insight into future vaccine discovery and design.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-020-0621-ySchistosomiasisNeglected tropical diseaseControl strategiesMass drug administration (MDA)Schistosomiasis vaccine developmentClinical trials |
| spellingShingle | Adebayo J. Molehin Schistosomiasis vaccine development: update on human clinical trials Journal of Biomedical Science Schistosomiasis Neglected tropical disease Control strategies Mass drug administration (MDA) Schistosomiasis vaccine development Clinical trials |
| title | Schistosomiasis vaccine development: update on human clinical trials |
| title_full | Schistosomiasis vaccine development: update on human clinical trials |
| title_fullStr | Schistosomiasis vaccine development: update on human clinical trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Schistosomiasis vaccine development: update on human clinical trials |
| title_short | Schistosomiasis vaccine development: update on human clinical trials |
| title_sort | schistosomiasis vaccine development update on human clinical trials |
| topic | Schistosomiasis Neglected tropical disease Control strategies Mass drug administration (MDA) Schistosomiasis vaccine development Clinical trials |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-020-0621-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT adebayojmolehin schistosomiasisvaccinedevelopmentupdateonhumanclinicaltrials |