Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i>) Fruits: A Review
The calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa)</i> is a hybrid citrus fruit resulting from the crossing of a mandarin orange with a kumquat. It is a small, round-shaped fruit with thin, smooth skin ranging from orange to dark red. The aroma of the fruit is distinctive and unique. Calamon...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/8/3401 |
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| author | Karthikeyan Venkatachalam Narin Charoenphun Pao Srean Vasin Yuvanatemiya Chinnawut Pipatpanukul Kanokporn Pakeechai Thanya Parametthanuwat Jittimon Wongsa |
| author_facet | Karthikeyan Venkatachalam Narin Charoenphun Pao Srean Vasin Yuvanatemiya Chinnawut Pipatpanukul Kanokporn Pakeechai Thanya Parametthanuwat Jittimon Wongsa |
| author_sort | Karthikeyan Venkatachalam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa)</i> is a hybrid citrus fruit resulting from the crossing of a mandarin orange with a kumquat. It is a small, round-shaped fruit with thin, smooth skin ranging from orange to dark red. The aroma of the fruit is distinctive and unique. Calamondin is an excellent source of Vitamin C, D-Limonene, and essential oils, providing benefits to the immune system, as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancer properties, and it exhibits various therapeutic effects. It also contains a good amount of dietary fiber from pectin. Its distinctive flavor and high juice content make calamondin juice a popular ingredient in many international cuisines. The juice also contains bioactive compounds, such as phenolics and flavonoids, which are a potential source of antioxidant properties. All parts of the calamondin fruit, including the juice, pulp, seeds, and peel, can be used in various applications, from food products like juices, powders, and candies to non-food uses in herbal medicine and cosmetics, showcasing their versatility and unique properties. This review will examine various bioactive components of calamondin and their related medicinal effects, and provide guidelines for their utilization, processing, and value addition on a commercial scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:42:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef0eb3b8fba844feb3282794514a24eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:42:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef0eb3b8fba844feb3282794514a24eb2023-11-17T20:38:34ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-04-01288340110.3390/molecules28083401Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i>) Fruits: A ReviewKarthikeyan Venkatachalam0Narin Charoenphun1Pao Srean2Vasin Yuvanatemiya3Chinnawut Pipatpanukul4Kanokporn Pakeechai5Thanya Parametthanuwat6Jittimon Wongsa7Faculty of Innovative Agriculture and Fishery Establishment Project, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Makham Tia, Mueang 84000, Surat Thani, ThailandFaculty of Science and Arts, Burapha University Chanthaburi Campus, Thamai 22170, Chanthaburi, ThailandFaculty of Agriculture and Food Processing, National University of Battambang, Battambang 020101, CambodiaFaculty of Marine Technology, Burapha University Chanthaburi Campus, Thamai 22170, Chanthaburi, ThailandFaculty of Engineering, Burapha University, Muang 20131, Chonburi, ThailandFaculty of Business Administration and Information Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya 13000, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya, ThailandDepartment of Agricultural Engineering for Industry, Faculty of Industrial Technology and Management, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (Prachinburi Campus), Muang 25230, Prachinburi, ThailandDepartment of Agricultural Engineering for Industry, Faculty of Industrial Technology and Management, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (Prachinburi Campus), Muang 25230, Prachinburi, ThailandThe calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa)</i> is a hybrid citrus fruit resulting from the crossing of a mandarin orange with a kumquat. It is a small, round-shaped fruit with thin, smooth skin ranging from orange to dark red. The aroma of the fruit is distinctive and unique. Calamondin is an excellent source of Vitamin C, D-Limonene, and essential oils, providing benefits to the immune system, as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancer properties, and it exhibits various therapeutic effects. It also contains a good amount of dietary fiber from pectin. Its distinctive flavor and high juice content make calamondin juice a popular ingredient in many international cuisines. The juice also contains bioactive compounds, such as phenolics and flavonoids, which are a potential source of antioxidant properties. All parts of the calamondin fruit, including the juice, pulp, seeds, and peel, can be used in various applications, from food products like juices, powders, and candies to non-food uses in herbal medicine and cosmetics, showcasing their versatility and unique properties. This review will examine various bioactive components of calamondin and their related medicinal effects, and provide guidelines for their utilization, processing, and value addition on a commercial scale.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/8/3401calamondin fruitpeelphytochemicalsD-limomeneextractionbiological activities |
| spellingShingle | Karthikeyan Venkatachalam Narin Charoenphun Pao Srean Vasin Yuvanatemiya Chinnawut Pipatpanukul Kanokporn Pakeechai Thanya Parametthanuwat Jittimon Wongsa Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i>) Fruits: A Review Molecules calamondin fruit peel phytochemicals D-limomene extraction biological activities |
| title | Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i>) Fruits: A Review |
| title_full | Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i>) Fruits: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i>) Fruits: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i>) Fruits: A Review |
| title_short | Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (<i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i>) Fruits: A Review |
| title_sort | phytochemicals bioactive properties and commercial potential of calamondin i citrofortunella microcarpa i fruits a review |
| topic | calamondin fruit peel phytochemicals D-limomene extraction biological activities |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/8/3401 |
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