The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From Zebrafish
The immediate and natural reaction to both infectious challenges and sterile insults (wounds, tissue trauma or crystal deposition) is an acute inflammatory response. This inflammatory response is mediated by activation of the innate immune system largely comprising professional phagocytes (neutrophi...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01094/full |
| _version_ | 1819018489476677632 |
|---|---|
| author | Tanja Linnerz Christopher J. Hall |
| author_facet | Tanja Linnerz Christopher J. Hall |
| author_sort | Tanja Linnerz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The immediate and natural reaction to both infectious challenges and sterile insults (wounds, tissue trauma or crystal deposition) is an acute inflammatory response. This inflammatory response is mediated by activation of the innate immune system largely comprising professional phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages). Zebrafish (danio rerio) larvae possess many advantages as a model organism, including their genetic tractability and highly conserved innate immune system. Exploiting these attributes and the live imaging potential of optically transparent zebrafish larvae has greatly contributed to our understanding of how neutrophils and macrophages orchestrate the initiation and resolution phases of inflammatory responses. Numerous bacterial and fungal infection models have been successfully established using zebrafish as an animal model and studies investigating neutrophil and macrophage behavior to sterile insults have also provided unique insights. In this review we highlight how examining the larval zebrafish response to specific bacterial and fungal pathogens has uncovered cellular and molecular mechanisms behind a variety of phagocyte responses, from those that protect the host to those that are detrimental. We also describe how modeling sterile inflammation in larval zebrafish has provided an opportunity to dissect signaling pathways that control the recruitment, and fate, of phagocytes at inflammatory sites. Finally, we briefly discuss some current limitations, and opportunities to improve, the zebrafish model system for studying phagocyte biology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T03:20:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef15b31097ab421eaf3bc27d451f8542 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T03:20:14Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef15b31097ab421eaf3bc27d451f85422022-12-21T19:17:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242020-06-011110.3389/fimmu.2020.01094537369The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From ZebrafishTanja LinnerzChristopher J. HallThe immediate and natural reaction to both infectious challenges and sterile insults (wounds, tissue trauma or crystal deposition) is an acute inflammatory response. This inflammatory response is mediated by activation of the innate immune system largely comprising professional phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages). Zebrafish (danio rerio) larvae possess many advantages as a model organism, including their genetic tractability and highly conserved innate immune system. Exploiting these attributes and the live imaging potential of optically transparent zebrafish larvae has greatly contributed to our understanding of how neutrophils and macrophages orchestrate the initiation and resolution phases of inflammatory responses. Numerous bacterial and fungal infection models have been successfully established using zebrafish as an animal model and studies investigating neutrophil and macrophage behavior to sterile insults have also provided unique insights. In this review we highlight how examining the larval zebrafish response to specific bacterial and fungal pathogens has uncovered cellular and molecular mechanisms behind a variety of phagocyte responses, from those that protect the host to those that are detrimental. We also describe how modeling sterile inflammation in larval zebrafish has provided an opportunity to dissect signaling pathways that control the recruitment, and fate, of phagocytes at inflammatory sites. Finally, we briefly discuss some current limitations, and opportunities to improve, the zebrafish model system for studying phagocyte biology.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01094/fullzebrafishphagocytesmacrophagesneutrophilsinfectionsterile inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Tanja Linnerz Christopher J. Hall The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From Zebrafish Frontiers in Immunology zebrafish phagocytes macrophages neutrophils infection sterile inflammation |
| title | The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From Zebrafish |
| title_full | The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From Zebrafish |
| title_fullStr | The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From Zebrafish |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From Zebrafish |
| title_short | The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From Zebrafish |
| title_sort | diverse roles of phagocytes during bacterial and fungal infections and sterile inflammation lessons from zebrafish |
| topic | zebrafish phagocytes macrophages neutrophils infection sterile inflammation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01094/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tanjalinnerz thediverserolesofphagocytesduringbacterialandfungalinfectionsandsterileinflammationlessonsfromzebrafish AT christopherjhall thediverserolesofphagocytesduringbacterialandfungalinfectionsandsterileinflammationlessonsfromzebrafish AT tanjalinnerz diverserolesofphagocytesduringbacterialandfungalinfectionsandsterileinflammationlessonsfromzebrafish AT christopherjhall diverserolesofphagocytesduringbacterialandfungalinfectionsandsterileinflammationlessonsfromzebrafish |