Glioblastoma: Changing concepts in the WHO CNS5 classification
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor in adults. Acute common clinical symptoms include headache, seizure, behavior changes, focal neurological deficits, and signs of increased intracranial pressure. The classic MRI finding of glioblastoma is an irregularly sha...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijpmonline.org/article.asp?issn=0377-4929;year=2022;volume=65;issue=5;spage=24;epage=32;aulast=Chen |
| _version_ | 1818242081156497408 |
|---|---|
| author | Jie Chen Pengcheng Han Sonika Dahiya |
| author_facet | Jie Chen Pengcheng Han Sonika Dahiya |
| author_sort | Jie Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glioblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor in adults. Acute common clinical symptoms include headache, seizure, behavior changes, focal neurological deficits, and signs of increased intracranial pressure. The classic MRI finding of glioblastoma is an irregularly shaped, rim-enhancing or ring-enhancing lesion with a central dark area of necrosis. This constellation of features correlates with microscopic findings of tumor necrosis and microvascular proliferation. Besides these common features, several well-recognized histological subtypes include giant cell glioblastoma, granular cell glioblastoma, gliosarcoma, glioblastoma with a primitive neuronal component, small cell glioblastoma, and epithelioid glioblastoma. While glioblastoma was historically classified as isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype and IDH-mutant groups, the Consortium to Inform Molecular and Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy (cIMPACT-NOW) and the fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System clearly updated the nomenclature to reflect glioblastoma to be compatible with wildtype IDH status only. Therefore, glioblastoma is now defined as “a diffuse, astrocytic glioma that is IDH-wildtype and H3-wildtype and has one or more of the following histological or genetic features: microvascular proliferation, necrosis, Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation, Epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification, +7/−10 chromosome copy-number changes (CNS WHO grade 4).” |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:39:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef3059281d98464891bd79f167dc72f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0377-4929 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:39:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef3059281d98464891bd79f167dc72f22022-12-22T00:22:51ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology0377-49292022-01-01655243210.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1109_21Glioblastoma: Changing concepts in the WHO CNS5 classificationJie ChenPengcheng HanSonika DahiyaGlioblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor in adults. Acute common clinical symptoms include headache, seizure, behavior changes, focal neurological deficits, and signs of increased intracranial pressure. The classic MRI finding of glioblastoma is an irregularly shaped, rim-enhancing or ring-enhancing lesion with a central dark area of necrosis. This constellation of features correlates with microscopic findings of tumor necrosis and microvascular proliferation. Besides these common features, several well-recognized histological subtypes include giant cell glioblastoma, granular cell glioblastoma, gliosarcoma, glioblastoma with a primitive neuronal component, small cell glioblastoma, and epithelioid glioblastoma. While glioblastoma was historically classified as isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype and IDH-mutant groups, the Consortium to Inform Molecular and Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy (cIMPACT-NOW) and the fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System clearly updated the nomenclature to reflect glioblastoma to be compatible with wildtype IDH status only. Therefore, glioblastoma is now defined as “a diffuse, astrocytic glioma that is IDH-wildtype and H3-wildtype and has one or more of the following histological or genetic features: microvascular proliferation, necrosis, Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation, Epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification, +7/−10 chromosome copy-number changes (CNS WHO grade 4).”http://www.ijpmonline.org/article.asp?issn=0377-4929;year=2022;volume=65;issue=5;spage=24;epage=32;aulast=Chen2021 who classification of tumors of the cns systemcimpact-nowglioblastoma |
| spellingShingle | Jie Chen Pengcheng Han Sonika Dahiya Glioblastoma: Changing concepts in the WHO CNS5 classification Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology 2021 who classification of tumors of the cns system cimpact-now glioblastoma |
| title | Glioblastoma: Changing concepts in the WHO CNS5 classification |
| title_full | Glioblastoma: Changing concepts in the WHO CNS5 classification |
| title_fullStr | Glioblastoma: Changing concepts in the WHO CNS5 classification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glioblastoma: Changing concepts in the WHO CNS5 classification |
| title_short | Glioblastoma: Changing concepts in the WHO CNS5 classification |
| title_sort | glioblastoma changing concepts in the who cns5 classification |
| topic | 2021 who classification of tumors of the cns system cimpact-now glioblastoma |
| url | http://www.ijpmonline.org/article.asp?issn=0377-4929;year=2022;volume=65;issue=5;spage=24;epage=32;aulast=Chen |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jiechen glioblastomachangingconceptsinthewhocns5classification AT pengchenghan glioblastomachangingconceptsinthewhocns5classification AT sonikadahiya glioblastomachangingconceptsinthewhocns5classification |