Elective Surgery in Adult Patients with Excess Weight: Can Preoperative Dietary Interventions Improve Surgical Outcomes? A Systematic Review
This systematic review summarises the literature regarding the impact of preoperative dietary interventions on non-bariatric surgery outcomes for patients with excess weight/obesity, a known risk factor for poor surgical outcomes. Four electronic databases were searched for non-bariatric surgery stu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3775 |
| _version_ | 1797509043201245184 |
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| author | Sally B. Griffin Michelle A. Palmer Esben Strodl Rainbow Lai Matthew J. Burstow Lynda J. Ross |
| author_facet | Sally B. Griffin Michelle A. Palmer Esben Strodl Rainbow Lai Matthew J. Burstow Lynda J. Ross |
| author_sort | Sally B. Griffin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This systematic review summarises the literature regarding the impact of preoperative dietary interventions on non-bariatric surgery outcomes for patients with excess weight/obesity, a known risk factor for poor surgical outcomes. Four electronic databases were searched for non-bariatric surgery studies that evaluated the surgical outcomes of a preoperative diet that focused on weight/fat loss or improvement of liver steatosis. Meta-analysis was unfeasible due to the extreme heterogeneity of variables. Fourteen studies, including five randomised controlled trials, were selected. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, hernia repair, and liver resection were most studied. Diet-induced weight loss ranged from 1.4 kg to 25 kg. Preoperative very low calorie diet (≤800 kcal) or low calorie diet (≤900 kcal) for one to three weeks resulted in: reduction in blood loss for two liver resection and one gastrectomy study (−27 to −411 mL, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, reduction of six minutes in operating time (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and reduced difficulty of aspects of procedure (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no difference in length of stay (<i>n</i> = 7 studies). Preoperative ≤ 900 kcal diets for one to three weeks could improve surgical outcomes for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, liver resection, and gastrectomy. Multiple randomised controlled trials with common surgical outcomes are required to establish impact on other surgeries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:12:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef4e79146cca42eab33178fb944ee000 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:12:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef4e79146cca42eab33178fb944ee0002023-11-23T00:45:41ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-10-011311377510.3390/nu13113775Elective Surgery in Adult Patients with Excess Weight: Can Preoperative Dietary Interventions Improve Surgical Outcomes? A Systematic ReviewSally B. Griffin0Michelle A. Palmer1Esben Strodl2Rainbow Lai3Matthew J. Burstow4Lynda J. Ross5Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Logan Hospital, Meadowbrook, QLD 4131, AustraliaDepartment of Nutrition & Dietetics, Logan Hospital, Meadowbrook, QLD 4131, AustraliaSchool of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, AustraliaDepartment of Nutrition & Dietetics, Logan Hospital, Meadowbrook, QLD 4131, AustraliaDivision of Surgery, Logan Hospital, Meadowbrook, QLD 4131, AustraliaSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, AustraliaThis systematic review summarises the literature regarding the impact of preoperative dietary interventions on non-bariatric surgery outcomes for patients with excess weight/obesity, a known risk factor for poor surgical outcomes. Four electronic databases were searched for non-bariatric surgery studies that evaluated the surgical outcomes of a preoperative diet that focused on weight/fat loss or improvement of liver steatosis. Meta-analysis was unfeasible due to the extreme heterogeneity of variables. Fourteen studies, including five randomised controlled trials, were selected. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, hernia repair, and liver resection were most studied. Diet-induced weight loss ranged from 1.4 kg to 25 kg. Preoperative very low calorie diet (≤800 kcal) or low calorie diet (≤900 kcal) for one to three weeks resulted in: reduction in blood loss for two liver resection and one gastrectomy study (−27 to −411 mL, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, reduction of six minutes in operating time (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and reduced difficulty of aspects of procedure (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no difference in length of stay (<i>n</i> = 7 studies). Preoperative ≤ 900 kcal diets for one to three weeks could improve surgical outcomes for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, liver resection, and gastrectomy. Multiple randomised controlled trials with common surgical outcomes are required to establish impact on other surgeries.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3775surgerypreoperativecomplicationsobesityweight lossVLCD |
| spellingShingle | Sally B. Griffin Michelle A. Palmer Esben Strodl Rainbow Lai Matthew J. Burstow Lynda J. Ross Elective Surgery in Adult Patients with Excess Weight: Can Preoperative Dietary Interventions Improve Surgical Outcomes? A Systematic Review Nutrients surgery preoperative complications obesity weight loss VLCD |
| title | Elective Surgery in Adult Patients with Excess Weight: Can Preoperative Dietary Interventions Improve Surgical Outcomes? A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Elective Surgery in Adult Patients with Excess Weight: Can Preoperative Dietary Interventions Improve Surgical Outcomes? A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Elective Surgery in Adult Patients with Excess Weight: Can Preoperative Dietary Interventions Improve Surgical Outcomes? A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elective Surgery in Adult Patients with Excess Weight: Can Preoperative Dietary Interventions Improve Surgical Outcomes? A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Elective Surgery in Adult Patients with Excess Weight: Can Preoperative Dietary Interventions Improve Surgical Outcomes? A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | elective surgery in adult patients with excess weight can preoperative dietary interventions improve surgical outcomes a systematic review |
| topic | surgery preoperative complications obesity weight loss VLCD |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3775 |
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