Tensile Properties of As-Built 18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced by DED
The mechanical behaviour of as-built DED-produced 18Ni300 Maraging steel was studied by manufacturing a wall-like structure from which three different specimen types were obtained: specimens in which the loading direction was the same as the printing direction (vertical), specimens in which these tw...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/21/10829 |
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| author | Jorge Gil Ricardo Seca Rui Amaral Omid Emadinia Abílio De Jesus Ana Reis |
| author_facet | Jorge Gil Ricardo Seca Rui Amaral Omid Emadinia Abílio De Jesus Ana Reis |
| author_sort | Jorge Gil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The mechanical behaviour of as-built DED-produced 18Ni300 Maraging steel was studied by manufacturing a wall-like structure from which three different specimen types were obtained: specimens in which the loading direction was the same as the printing direction (vertical), specimens in which these two directions were perpendicular (horizontal), and bimetallic specimens in which the interface between the AISI 1045 substrate and the 18Ni300 steel was tested. The yield strength of the produced samples was <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>987.9</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>34.2</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>925.9</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>89.7</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>486.7</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>47.2</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula><inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi> </mi><mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula><inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>Pa</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> for the vertical, horizontal and bimetallic specimens, respectively, while the elongation to failure was <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>9.4</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>1.9</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>18.3</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>2.3</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>14.06</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.6</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> in the same order. The latter specimen failed within the substrate-comprised portion of the specimen. Additionally, the fracture surfaces were analysed through scanning electron microscopy, concluding that while both surfaces consist of dimples, the horizontal specimen presented microporosities with a reduced diameter. A microhardness analysis in the printed wall-like structure following the printing direction yielded an average hardness of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>392</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>21</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> HV0.3, with fluctuations along the build direction mostly within one standard deviation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:18:36Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:18:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ef521bcb90184b5f956d8f08e84a3ce12023-11-24T03:33:31ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-10-0112211082910.3390/app122110829Tensile Properties of As-Built 18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced by DEDJorge Gil0Ricardo Seca1Rui Amaral2Omid Emadinia3Abílio De Jesus4Ana Reis5Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, s/n, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalFaculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, s/n, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalFaculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, s/n, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalLAETA/INEGI: Instituto de Ciência e Inovação em Engenharia Mecânica e Engenharia Industrial, Campus da FEUP, R. Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalFaculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, s/n, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalFaculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, s/n, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalThe mechanical behaviour of as-built DED-produced 18Ni300 Maraging steel was studied by manufacturing a wall-like structure from which three different specimen types were obtained: specimens in which the loading direction was the same as the printing direction (vertical), specimens in which these two directions were perpendicular (horizontal), and bimetallic specimens in which the interface between the AISI 1045 substrate and the 18Ni300 steel was tested. The yield strength of the produced samples was <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>987.9</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>34.2</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>925.9</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>89.7</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>486.7</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>47.2</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula><inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi> </mi><mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula><inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>Pa</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> for the vertical, horizontal and bimetallic specimens, respectively, while the elongation to failure was <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>9.4</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>1.9</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>18.3</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>2.3</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>14.06</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.6</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> in the same order. The latter specimen failed within the substrate-comprised portion of the specimen. Additionally, the fracture surfaces were analysed through scanning electron microscopy, concluding that while both surfaces consist of dimples, the horizontal specimen presented microporosities with a reduced diameter. A microhardness analysis in the printed wall-like structure following the printing direction yielded an average hardness of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>392</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>21</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> HV0.3, with fluctuations along the build direction mostly within one standard deviation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/21/10829additive manufacturingdirected energy depositionmaraging steeltensile testsdigital image correlationmicrostructural analysis |
| spellingShingle | Jorge Gil Ricardo Seca Rui Amaral Omid Emadinia Abílio De Jesus Ana Reis Tensile Properties of As-Built 18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced by DED Applied Sciences additive manufacturing directed energy deposition maraging steel tensile tests digital image correlation microstructural analysis |
| title | Tensile Properties of As-Built 18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced by DED |
| title_full | Tensile Properties of As-Built 18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced by DED |
| title_fullStr | Tensile Properties of As-Built 18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced by DED |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tensile Properties of As-Built 18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced by DED |
| title_short | Tensile Properties of As-Built 18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced by DED |
| title_sort | tensile properties of as built 18ni300 maraging steel produced by ded |
| topic | additive manufacturing directed energy deposition maraging steel tensile tests digital image correlation microstructural analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/21/10829 |
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