Estimating Movement Smoothness From Inertial Measurement Units
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are increasingly used to estimate movement quality and quantity to the infer the nature of motor behavior. The current literature contains several attempts to estimate movement smoothness using data from IMUs, many of which assume that the translational and rotation...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.558771/full |
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| author | Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Camila Shirota Camila Shirota Camila Shirota Sivakumar Balasubramanian |
| author_facet | Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Camila Shirota Camila Shirota Camila Shirota Sivakumar Balasubramanian |
| author_sort | Alejandro Melendez-Calderon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are increasingly used to estimate movement quality and quantity to the infer the nature of motor behavior. The current literature contains several attempts to estimate movement smoothness using data from IMUs, many of which assume that the translational and rotational kinematics measured by IMUs can be directly used with the smoothness measures spectral arc length (SPARC) and log dimensionless jerk (LDLJ-V). However, there has been no investigation of the validity of these approaches. In this paper, we systematically evaluate the use of these measures on the kinematics measured by IMUs. We show that: (a) SPARC and LDLJ-V are valid measures of smoothness only when used with velocity; (b) SPARC and LDLJ-V applied on translational velocity reconstructed from IMU is highly error prone due to drift caused by integration of reconstruction errors; (c) SPARC can be applied directly on rotational velocities measured by a gyroscope, but LDLJ-V can be error prone. For discrete translational movements, we propose a modified version of the LDLJ-V measure, which can be applied to acceleration data (LDLJ-A). We evaluate the performance of these measures using simulated and experimental data. We demonstrate that the accuracy of LDLJ-A depends on the time profile of IMU orientation reconstruction error. Finally, we provide recommendations for how to appropriately apply these measures in practice under different scenarios, and highlight various factors to be aware of when performing smoothness analysis using IMU data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:49:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef5ae6bcf9af45478f70283e4e586e08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-4185 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:49:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef5ae6bcf9af45478f70283e4e586e082022-12-21T19:03:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852021-01-01810.3389/fbioe.2020.558771558771Estimating Movement Smoothness From Inertial Measurement UnitsAlejandro Melendez-Calderon0Alejandro Melendez-Calderon1Alejandro Melendez-Calderon2Camila Shirota3Camila Shirota4Camila Shirota5Sivakumar Balasubramanian6Cereneo Advanced Rehabilitation Institute (CARINg), Vitznau, SwitzerlandBiomedical Engineering Group, School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, AustraliaDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United StatesThe Hopkins Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, AustraliaDepartment of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Neurology, University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Bioengineering, Christian Medical College, Vellore, IndiaInertial measurement units (IMUs) are increasingly used to estimate movement quality and quantity to the infer the nature of motor behavior. The current literature contains several attempts to estimate movement smoothness using data from IMUs, many of which assume that the translational and rotational kinematics measured by IMUs can be directly used with the smoothness measures spectral arc length (SPARC) and log dimensionless jerk (LDLJ-V). However, there has been no investigation of the validity of these approaches. In this paper, we systematically evaluate the use of these measures on the kinematics measured by IMUs. We show that: (a) SPARC and LDLJ-V are valid measures of smoothness only when used with velocity; (b) SPARC and LDLJ-V applied on translational velocity reconstructed from IMU is highly error prone due to drift caused by integration of reconstruction errors; (c) SPARC can be applied directly on rotational velocities measured by a gyroscope, but LDLJ-V can be error prone. For discrete translational movements, we propose a modified version of the LDLJ-V measure, which can be applied to acceleration data (LDLJ-A). We evaluate the performance of these measures using simulated and experimental data. We demonstrate that the accuracy of LDLJ-A depends on the time profile of IMU orientation reconstruction error. Finally, we provide recommendations for how to appropriately apply these measures in practice under different scenarios, and highlight various factors to be aware of when performing smoothness analysis using IMU data.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.558771/fullmovement smoothnessinertial measurement unitsmovement kinematicsassessmentjerkSPARC |
| spellingShingle | Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Alejandro Melendez-Calderon Camila Shirota Camila Shirota Camila Shirota Sivakumar Balasubramanian Estimating Movement Smoothness From Inertial Measurement Units Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology movement smoothness inertial measurement units movement kinematics assessment jerk SPARC |
| title | Estimating Movement Smoothness From Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_full | Estimating Movement Smoothness From Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_fullStr | Estimating Movement Smoothness From Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimating Movement Smoothness From Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_short | Estimating Movement Smoothness From Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_sort | estimating movement smoothness from inertial measurement units |
| topic | movement smoothness inertial measurement units movement kinematics assessment jerk SPARC |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.558771/full |
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