Epidemiological Situation of Glanders in the State of Pará, Brazil
Glanders is an anthropozoonosis caused by the bacteria <i>Burkholderia mallei</i>, affecting mainly equids. It has been eradicated in North America, Australia, and Western Europe, but continues to occur sporadically in countries in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and South America. Its no...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/2/218 |
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| author | Ana Paula Vilhena Beckman Pinho Fernando Ferreira Jeferson Jacó Fuck Jefferson Pinto de Oliveira Ricardo Augusto Dias José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho Marcos Bryan Heinemann Evelise Oliveira Telles José Soares Ferreira Neto |
| author_facet | Ana Paula Vilhena Beckman Pinho Fernando Ferreira Jeferson Jacó Fuck Jefferson Pinto de Oliveira Ricardo Augusto Dias José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho Marcos Bryan Heinemann Evelise Oliveira Telles José Soares Ferreira Neto |
| author_sort | Ana Paula Vilhena Beckman Pinho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glanders is an anthropozoonosis caused by the bacteria <i>Burkholderia mallei</i>, affecting mainly equids. It has been eradicated in North America, Australia, and Western Europe, but continues to occur sporadically in countries in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and South America. Its notification is mandatory by the World Organization for Animal Health. After 30 years, the disease reappeared in Brazil in 1999 and, thereafter, 1,413 outbreaks have been reported. However, the epidemiological situation of the disease in the country is not adequately known. Thus, 2718 animals from 654 properties in the state of Pará were randomly selected by sampling and examined using a serial protocol with Complement Fixation and Western Blot serological tests. The prevalence of properties infected with glanders in the state was estimated at 1.68% [0.84; 3.33] and of seropositive animals at 0.50% [0.27; 0.94]. The introduction of animals was individualized as a risk factor for disease introduction in the properties (OR = 5.9 [1.4; 25.5]). Despite the low prevalence of infected properties and seropositive animals, the state must review actions to fight the disease, considering that the strategies implemented have not affected the endemic balance of the disease. This process must involve all public and private agents interested in the topic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:19:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef8b7bb13a60418aa20fa73c5584ca50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:19:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef8b7bb13a60418aa20fa73c5584ca502023-11-16T22:33:39ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-01-0112221810.3390/pathogens12020218Epidemiological Situation of Glanders in the State of Pará, BrazilAna Paula Vilhena Beckman Pinho0Fernando Ferreira1Jeferson Jacó Fuck2Jefferson Pinto de Oliveira3Ricardo Augusto Dias4José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho5Marcos Bryan Heinemann6Evelise Oliveira Telles7José Soares Ferreira Neto8Agency of Sanitary Defence of Agriculture and Livestock of the state of Pará, Travessa Mariz de Barros, 1184, Belém CEP 66080-008, PA, BrazilFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo CEP 05508-270, SP, BrazilMinistry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Esplanada dos Ministérios, Bloco D, Brasília CEP 70043-900, DF, BrazilAgency of Sanitary Defence of Agriculture and Livestock of the state of Pará, Travessa Mariz de Barros, 1184, Belém CEP 66080-008, PA, BrazilFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo CEP 05508-270, SP, BrazilFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo CEP 05508-270, SP, BrazilFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo CEP 05508-270, SP, BrazilFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo CEP 05508-270, SP, BrazilFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo CEP 05508-270, SP, BrazilGlanders is an anthropozoonosis caused by the bacteria <i>Burkholderia mallei</i>, affecting mainly equids. It has been eradicated in North America, Australia, and Western Europe, but continues to occur sporadically in countries in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and South America. Its notification is mandatory by the World Organization for Animal Health. After 30 years, the disease reappeared in Brazil in 1999 and, thereafter, 1,413 outbreaks have been reported. However, the epidemiological situation of the disease in the country is not adequately known. Thus, 2718 animals from 654 properties in the state of Pará were randomly selected by sampling and examined using a serial protocol with Complement Fixation and Western Blot serological tests. The prevalence of properties infected with glanders in the state was estimated at 1.68% [0.84; 3.33] and of seropositive animals at 0.50% [0.27; 0.94]. The introduction of animals was individualized as a risk factor for disease introduction in the properties (OR = 5.9 [1.4; 25.5]). Despite the low prevalence of infected properties and seropositive animals, the state must review actions to fight the disease, considering that the strategies implemented have not affected the endemic balance of the disease. This process must involve all public and private agents interested in the topic.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/2/218glandersequidsprevalencerisk factorParáBrazil |
| spellingShingle | Ana Paula Vilhena Beckman Pinho Fernando Ferreira Jeferson Jacó Fuck Jefferson Pinto de Oliveira Ricardo Augusto Dias José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho Marcos Bryan Heinemann Evelise Oliveira Telles José Soares Ferreira Neto Epidemiological Situation of Glanders in the State of Pará, Brazil Pathogens glanders equids prevalence risk factor Pará Brazil |
| title | Epidemiological Situation of Glanders in the State of Pará, Brazil |
| title_full | Epidemiological Situation of Glanders in the State of Pará, Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiological Situation of Glanders in the State of Pará, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiological Situation of Glanders in the State of Pará, Brazil |
| title_short | Epidemiological Situation of Glanders in the State of Pará, Brazil |
| title_sort | epidemiological situation of glanders in the state of para brazil |
| topic | glanders equids prevalence risk factor Pará Brazil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/2/218 |
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