Nutritional Value, Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Properties of Common Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) in Relation to Harvesting Stage and Plant Part
Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleraceae</i> L.) is a widespread weed, which is highly appreciated for its high nutritional value with particular reference to the content in omega-3 fatty acids. In the present study, the nutritional value and chemical composition of purslane plants in relation t...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/8/293 |
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| author | Spyridon A. Petropoulos Ângela Fernandes Maria Inês Dias Ioannis B. Vasilakoglou Konstantinos Petrotos Lillian Barros Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira |
| author_facet | Spyridon A. Petropoulos Ângela Fernandes Maria Inês Dias Ioannis B. Vasilakoglou Konstantinos Petrotos Lillian Barros Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira |
| author_sort | Spyridon A. Petropoulos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleraceae</i> L.) is a widespread weed, which is highly appreciated for its high nutritional value with particular reference to the content in omega-3 fatty acids. In the present study, the nutritional value and chemical composition of purslane plants in relation to plant part and harvesting stage were evaluated. Plants were harvested at three growth stages (29, 43 and 52 days after sowing (DAS)), while the edible aerial parts were separated into stems and leaves. Leaves contained higher amounts of macronutrients than stems, especially at 52 DAS. α-tocopherol was the main isoform, which increased at 52 DAS, as well total tocopherols (values were in the ranges of 197−327 μg/100 g fresh weight (fw) and 302−481 μg/100 g fw, for α-tocopherol and total tocopherols, respectively). Glucose and fructose were the main free sugars in stems and leaves, respectively, whereas stems contained higher amounts of total sugars (values were ranged between 0.83 g and 1.28 g/100 g fw). Oxalic and total organic acid content was higher in leaves, especially at the last harvesting stage (52 DAS; 8.6 g and 30.3 g/100 g fw for oxalic acid and total organic acids, respectively). Regarding the fatty acid content, stems contained mainly palmitic (20.2−21.8%) and linoleic acid (23.02−27.11%), while leaves were abundant in α-linolenic acid (35.4−54.92%). Oleracein A and C were the major oleracein derivatives in leaves, regardless of the harvesting stage (values were in the ranges of 8.2−103.0 mg and 21.2−143 mg/100 g dried weight (dw) for oleraceins A and C, respectively). Cytotoxicity assays showed no hepatotoxicity, with GI<sub>50</sub> values being higher than 400 μg/mL for all the harvesting stages and plant parts. In conclusion, early harvesting and the separation of plant parts could increase the nutritional value of the final product through increasing the content of valuable compounds, such as omega-3 fatty acids, phenolic compounds and oleracein derivatives, while at the same time, the contents of anti-nutritional compounds such as oxalic acid are reduced. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:08:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef91614ebfcd4118b92e9fe9d8ea573d |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:08:11Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef91614ebfcd4118b92e9fe9d8ea573d2023-09-03T03:25:20ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212019-08-018829310.3390/antiox8080293antiox8080293Nutritional Value, Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Properties of Common Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) in Relation to Harvesting Stage and Plant PartSpyridon A. Petropoulos0Ângela Fernandes1Maria Inês Dias2Ioannis B. Vasilakoglou3Konstantinos Petrotos4Lillian Barros5Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira6Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 N. Ionia, Magnissia, GreeceCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalDepartment of Crop Production-Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, GreeceDepartment of Crop Production-Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, GreeceCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalPurslane (<i>Portulaca oleraceae</i> L.) is a widespread weed, which is highly appreciated for its high nutritional value with particular reference to the content in omega-3 fatty acids. In the present study, the nutritional value and chemical composition of purslane plants in relation to plant part and harvesting stage were evaluated. Plants were harvested at three growth stages (29, 43 and 52 days after sowing (DAS)), while the edible aerial parts were separated into stems and leaves. Leaves contained higher amounts of macronutrients than stems, especially at 52 DAS. α-tocopherol was the main isoform, which increased at 52 DAS, as well total tocopherols (values were in the ranges of 197−327 μg/100 g fresh weight (fw) and 302−481 μg/100 g fw, for α-tocopherol and total tocopherols, respectively). Glucose and fructose were the main free sugars in stems and leaves, respectively, whereas stems contained higher amounts of total sugars (values were ranged between 0.83 g and 1.28 g/100 g fw). Oxalic and total organic acid content was higher in leaves, especially at the last harvesting stage (52 DAS; 8.6 g and 30.3 g/100 g fw for oxalic acid and total organic acids, respectively). Regarding the fatty acid content, stems contained mainly palmitic (20.2−21.8%) and linoleic acid (23.02−27.11%), while leaves were abundant in α-linolenic acid (35.4−54.92%). Oleracein A and C were the major oleracein derivatives in leaves, regardless of the harvesting stage (values were in the ranges of 8.2−103.0 mg and 21.2−143 mg/100 g dried weight (dw) for oleraceins A and C, respectively). Cytotoxicity assays showed no hepatotoxicity, with GI<sub>50</sub> values being higher than 400 μg/mL for all the harvesting stages and plant parts. In conclusion, early harvesting and the separation of plant parts could increase the nutritional value of the final product through increasing the content of valuable compounds, such as omega-3 fatty acids, phenolic compounds and oleracein derivatives, while at the same time, the contents of anti-nutritional compounds such as oxalic acid are reduced.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/8/293α-linolenic acidfatty acidshepatotoxicityomega-3 fatty acids<i>Portulaca oleraceae</i>phenolic compoundsoleracein derivativespurslanetocopherols |
| spellingShingle | Spyridon A. Petropoulos Ângela Fernandes Maria Inês Dias Ioannis B. Vasilakoglou Konstantinos Petrotos Lillian Barros Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira Nutritional Value, Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Properties of Common Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) in Relation to Harvesting Stage and Plant Part Antioxidants α-linolenic acid fatty acids hepatotoxicity omega-3 fatty acids <i>Portulaca oleraceae</i> phenolic compounds oleracein derivatives purslane tocopherols |
| title | Nutritional Value, Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Properties of Common Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) in Relation to Harvesting Stage and Plant Part |
| title_full | Nutritional Value, Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Properties of Common Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) in Relation to Harvesting Stage and Plant Part |
| title_fullStr | Nutritional Value, Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Properties of Common Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) in Relation to Harvesting Stage and Plant Part |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutritional Value, Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Properties of Common Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) in Relation to Harvesting Stage and Plant Part |
| title_short | Nutritional Value, Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Properties of Common Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) in Relation to Harvesting Stage and Plant Part |
| title_sort | nutritional value chemical composition and cytotoxic properties of common purslane i portulaca oleracea i l in relation to harvesting stage and plant part |
| topic | α-linolenic acid fatty acids hepatotoxicity omega-3 fatty acids <i>Portulaca oleraceae</i> phenolic compounds oleracein derivatives purslane tocopherols |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/8/293 |
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