Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat
Salinity is a leading threat to crop growth throughout the world. Salt stress induces altered physiological processes and several inhibitory effects on the growth of cereals, including wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.). In this study, we determined the effects of salinity on five sprin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1193 |
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| author | Muhammad Sohail Saddiq Shahid Iqbal Muhammad Bilal Hafeez Amir M. H. Ibrahim Ali Raza Esha Mehik Fatima Heer Baloch Jahanzaib Pasqualina Woodrow Loredana Filomena Ciarmiello |
| author_facet | Muhammad Sohail Saddiq Shahid Iqbal Muhammad Bilal Hafeez Amir M. H. Ibrahim Ali Raza Esha Mehik Fatima Heer Baloch Jahanzaib Pasqualina Woodrow Loredana Filomena Ciarmiello |
| author_sort | Muhammad Sohail Saddiq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salinity is a leading threat to crop growth throughout the world. Salt stress induces altered physiological processes and several inhibitory effects on the growth of cereals, including wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.). In this study, we determined the effects of salinity on five spring and five winter wheat genotypes seedlings. We evaluated the salt stress on root and shoot growth attributes, i.e., root length (RL), shoot length (SL), the relative growth rate of root length (RGR-RL), and shoot length (RGR-SL). The ionic content of the leaves was also measured. Physiological traits were also assessed, including stomatal conductance (<i>gs)</i>, chlorophyll content index (CCI), and light-adapted leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, i.e., the quantum yield of photosystem II (<i>Fv</i>′<i>/Fm</i>′) and instantaneous chlorophyll fluorescence (<i>Ft</i>). Physiological and growth performance under salt stress (0, 100, and 200 mol/L) were explored at the seedling stage. The analysis showed that spring wheat accumulated low Na+ and high K+ in leaf blades compared with winter wheat. Among the genotypes, Sakha 8, S-24, W4909, and W4910 performed better and had improved physiological attributes (<i>gs</i>, <i>Fv</i>′<i>/Fm</i>′, and <i>Ft</i>) and seedling growth traits (RL, SL, RGR-SL, and RGR-RL), which were strongly linked with proper Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> discrimination in leaves and the CCI in leaves. The identified genotypes could represent valuable resources for genetic improvement programs to provide a greater understanding of plant tolerance to salt stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:29:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ef95cb582c5742aa8efe336483790e39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:29:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-ef95cb582c5742aa8efe336483790e392023-11-21T23:46:22ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-06-01116119310.3390/agronomy11061193Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring WheatMuhammad Sohail Saddiq0Shahid Iqbal1Muhammad Bilal Hafeez2Amir M. H. Ibrahim3Ali Raza4Esha Mehik Fatima5Heer Baloch6Jahanzaib7Pasqualina Woodrow8Loredana Filomena Ciarmiello9Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, PakistanDepartment of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef Agricultural University, Multan 66000, PakistanCollege of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaSoil and Crop Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, 2474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2474, USAFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular and Cell Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Forestry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Antonio Vivaldi, 43-81100 Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Antonio Vivaldi, 43-81100 Caserta, ItalySalinity is a leading threat to crop growth throughout the world. Salt stress induces altered physiological processes and several inhibitory effects on the growth of cereals, including wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.). In this study, we determined the effects of salinity on five spring and five winter wheat genotypes seedlings. We evaluated the salt stress on root and shoot growth attributes, i.e., root length (RL), shoot length (SL), the relative growth rate of root length (RGR-RL), and shoot length (RGR-SL). The ionic content of the leaves was also measured. Physiological traits were also assessed, including stomatal conductance (<i>gs)</i>, chlorophyll content index (CCI), and light-adapted leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, i.e., the quantum yield of photosystem II (<i>Fv</i>′<i>/Fm</i>′) and instantaneous chlorophyll fluorescence (<i>Ft</i>). Physiological and growth performance under salt stress (0, 100, and 200 mol/L) were explored at the seedling stage. The analysis showed that spring wheat accumulated low Na+ and high K+ in leaf blades compared with winter wheat. Among the genotypes, Sakha 8, S-24, W4909, and W4910 performed better and had improved physiological attributes (<i>gs</i>, <i>Fv</i>′<i>/Fm</i>′, and <i>Ft</i>) and seedling growth traits (RL, SL, RGR-SL, and RGR-RL), which were strongly linked with proper Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> discrimination in leaves and the CCI in leaves. The identified genotypes could represent valuable resources for genetic improvement programs to provide a greater understanding of plant tolerance to salt stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1193chlorophyll fluorescenceNa<sup>+</sup> effluxsalt tolerantstomatal conductance |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Sohail Saddiq Shahid Iqbal Muhammad Bilal Hafeez Amir M. H. Ibrahim Ali Raza Esha Mehik Fatima Heer Baloch Jahanzaib Pasqualina Woodrow Loredana Filomena Ciarmiello Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat Agronomy chlorophyll fluorescence Na<sup>+</sup> efflux salt tolerant stomatal conductance |
| title | Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat |
| title_full | Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat |
| title_short | Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat |
| title_sort | effect of salinity stress on physiological changes in winter and spring wheat |
| topic | chlorophyll fluorescence Na<sup>+</sup> efflux salt tolerant stomatal conductance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1193 |
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