Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection
The growing demand in natural matrices that represent a source of dietary and nutraceutical molecules has led to an increasing interest in <i>Cannabis sativa</i>, considered to be a multipurpose, sustainable crop. Particularly, the considerable content in essential fatty acids (FAs) make...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/10/3358 |
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| author | Paola Arena Francesca Rigano Paolo Guarnaccia Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello Emanuela Trovato |
| author_facet | Paola Arena Francesca Rigano Paolo Guarnaccia Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello Emanuela Trovato |
| author_sort | Paola Arena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The growing demand in natural matrices that represent a source of dietary and nutraceutical molecules has led to an increasing interest in <i>Cannabis sativa</i>, considered to be a multipurpose, sustainable crop. Particularly, the considerable content in essential fatty acids (FAs) makes its derived-products useful food ingredients in the formulation of dietary supplements. In this research, the FA and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of hempseed oils and flours were investigated using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and flame ionization detection as well as liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively. Furthermore, a recently introduced linear retention index (LRI) approach in LC was successfully employed as a useful tool for the reliable identification of TAG species. A total of 30 FAs and 62 glycerolipids were positively identified in the investigated samples. Relative quantitative analyses confirmed linoleic acid as the most abundant component (50–55%). A favorable omega6/omega3 ratio was also measured in hemp-derived products, with the α-linolenic acid around 12–14%. Whereas, γ-linolenic acid was found to be higher than 1.70%. These results confirm the great value of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> as a source of valuable lipids, and the further improvement of the LRI system paves the way for the automatization of the identification process in LC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:18:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efa9660749af4f6689f587e0bec03de7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:18:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-efa9660749af4f6689f587e0bec03de72023-11-23T12:25:08ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-05-012710335810.3390/molecules27103358Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry DetectionPaola Arena0Francesca Rigano1Paolo Guarnaccia2Paola Dugo3Luigi Mondello4Emanuela Trovato5Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, Food Science and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, 95127 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, ItalyThe growing demand in natural matrices that represent a source of dietary and nutraceutical molecules has led to an increasing interest in <i>Cannabis sativa</i>, considered to be a multipurpose, sustainable crop. Particularly, the considerable content in essential fatty acids (FAs) makes its derived-products useful food ingredients in the formulation of dietary supplements. In this research, the FA and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of hempseed oils and flours were investigated using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and flame ionization detection as well as liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively. Furthermore, a recently introduced linear retention index (LRI) approach in LC was successfully employed as a useful tool for the reliable identification of TAG species. A total of 30 FAs and 62 glycerolipids were positively identified in the investigated samples. Relative quantitative analyses confirmed linoleic acid as the most abundant component (50–55%). A favorable omega6/omega3 ratio was also measured in hemp-derived products, with the α-linolenic acid around 12–14%. Whereas, γ-linolenic acid was found to be higher than 1.70%. These results confirm the great value of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> as a source of valuable lipids, and the further improvement of the LRI system paves the way for the automatization of the identification process in LC.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/10/3358hempseed flourhempseed oillipidsfatty acidstriacylglycerolsGC-FID/MS |
| spellingShingle | Paola Arena Francesca Rigano Paolo Guarnaccia Paola Dugo Luigi Mondello Emanuela Trovato Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection Molecules hempseed flour hempseed oil lipids fatty acids triacylglycerols GC-FID/MS |
| title | Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection |
| title_full | Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection |
| title_fullStr | Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection |
| title_short | Elucidation of the Lipid Composition of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Products by Means of Gas Chromatography and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection |
| title_sort | elucidation of the lipid composition of hemp i cannabis sativa i l products by means of gas chromatography and ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection |
| topic | hempseed flour hempseed oil lipids fatty acids triacylglycerols GC-FID/MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/10/3358 |
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