Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review
Tuberculosis (TB) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients is an important opportunistic infection with higher incidence and prevalence than in the general population and is associated with important morbidity and mortality. We performed an extensive literature review of articles published between 1 Jan...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/9/1041 |
| _version_ | 1797483834634141696 |
|---|---|
| author | Bogdan Marian Sorohan Gener Ismail Dorina Tacu Bogdan Obrișcă Gina Ciolan Costin Gîngu Ioanel Sinescu Cătălin Baston |
| author_facet | Bogdan Marian Sorohan Gener Ismail Dorina Tacu Bogdan Obrișcă Gina Ciolan Costin Gîngu Ioanel Sinescu Cătălin Baston |
| author_sort | Bogdan Marian Sorohan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tuberculosis (TB) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients is an important opportunistic infection with higher incidence and prevalence than in the general population and is associated with important morbidity and mortality. We performed an extensive literature review of articles published between 1 January 2000 and 15 June 2022 to provide an evidence-based review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of TB in KT recipients. We included all studies which reported epidemiological and/or outcome data regarding active TB in KT, and we approached the diagnostic and treatment challenges according to the current guidelines. Prevalence of active TB in KT recipients ranges between 0.3–15.2%. KT recipients with active TB could have a rejection rate up to 55.6%, a rate of graft loss that varies from 2.2% to 66.6% and a mortality rate up to 60%. Understanding the epidemiological risk, risk factors, transmission modalities, diagnosis and treatment challenges is critical for clinicians in providing an appropriate management for KT with TB. Among diagnostic challenges, which are at the same time associated with delay in management, the following should be considered: atypical clinical presentation, association with co-infections, decreased predictive values of screening tests, diverse radiological aspects and particular diagnostic methods. Regarding treatment challenges in KT recipients with TB, drug interactions, drug toxicities and therapeutical adherence must be considered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:53:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efaa8767e65c4f3e9d6cd3281055bb23 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:53:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-efaa8767e65c4f3e9d6cd3281055bb232023-11-23T18:16:26ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-09-01119104110.3390/pathogens11091041Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive ReviewBogdan Marian Sorohan0Gener Ismail1Dorina Tacu2Bogdan Obrișcă3Gina Ciolan4Costin Gîngu5Ioanel Sinescu6Cătălin Baston7Department of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020022 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020022 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Pneumology, Marius Nasta National Institute of Pneumology, 050159 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Kidney Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, RomaniaTuberculosis (TB) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients is an important opportunistic infection with higher incidence and prevalence than in the general population and is associated with important morbidity and mortality. We performed an extensive literature review of articles published between 1 January 2000 and 15 June 2022 to provide an evidence-based review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of TB in KT recipients. We included all studies which reported epidemiological and/or outcome data regarding active TB in KT, and we approached the diagnostic and treatment challenges according to the current guidelines. Prevalence of active TB in KT recipients ranges between 0.3–15.2%. KT recipients with active TB could have a rejection rate up to 55.6%, a rate of graft loss that varies from 2.2% to 66.6% and a mortality rate up to 60%. Understanding the epidemiological risk, risk factors, transmission modalities, diagnosis and treatment challenges is critical for clinicians in providing an appropriate management for KT with TB. Among diagnostic challenges, which are at the same time associated with delay in management, the following should be considered: atypical clinical presentation, association with co-infections, decreased predictive values of screening tests, diverse radiological aspects and particular diagnostic methods. Regarding treatment challenges in KT recipients with TB, drug interactions, drug toxicities and therapeutical adherence must be considered.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/9/1041mycobacteriumtuberculosiskidneytransplantinfectionrisk |
| spellingShingle | Bogdan Marian Sorohan Gener Ismail Dorina Tacu Bogdan Obrișcă Gina Ciolan Costin Gîngu Ioanel Sinescu Cătălin Baston Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review Pathogens mycobacterium tuberculosis kidney transplant infection risk |
| title | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_fullStr | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_short | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection after Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_sort | mycobacterium tuberculosis infection after kidney transplantation a comprehensive review |
| topic | mycobacterium tuberculosis kidney transplant infection risk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/9/1041 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bogdanmariansorohan mycobacteriumtuberculosisinfectionafterkidneytransplantationacomprehensivereview AT generismail mycobacteriumtuberculosisinfectionafterkidneytransplantationacomprehensivereview AT dorinatacu mycobacteriumtuberculosisinfectionafterkidneytransplantationacomprehensivereview AT bogdanobrisca mycobacteriumtuberculosisinfectionafterkidneytransplantationacomprehensivereview AT ginaciolan mycobacteriumtuberculosisinfectionafterkidneytransplantationacomprehensivereview AT costingingu mycobacteriumtuberculosisinfectionafterkidneytransplantationacomprehensivereview AT ioanelsinescu mycobacteriumtuberculosisinfectionafterkidneytransplantationacomprehensivereview AT catalinbaston mycobacteriumtuberculosisinfectionafterkidneytransplantationacomprehensivereview |