Extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysis
Motivated by many exclusive and useful features of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and the underutilized resource of waste newspaper, this study aimed to extract CNC from waste newspapers by means of alkali and bleaching treatments followed by acid hydrolysis. The morphological structure of the obtaine...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Materials Research Express |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab9668 |
| _version_ | 1827868752974184448 |
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| author | Dan-Thuy Van-Pham Thi Yen Nhu Pham Minh Chien Tran Chanh-Nghiem Nguyen Qui Tran-Cong-Miyata |
| author_facet | Dan-Thuy Van-Pham Thi Yen Nhu Pham Minh Chien Tran Chanh-Nghiem Nguyen Qui Tran-Cong-Miyata |
| author_sort | Dan-Thuy Van-Pham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Motivated by many exclusive and useful features of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and the underutilized resource of waste newspaper, this study aimed to extract CNC from waste newspapers by means of alkali and bleaching treatments followed by acid hydrolysis. The morphological structure of the obtained CNC was analysed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The remarkable removal of surface contamination and the reduction in fiber diameter during alkali and bleaching treatment were observed and the nano-dimension of the extracted CNC was revealed with the average diameter of 12.3 ± 2.8 nm. Characterization of the extracted CNC showed a high whiteness index of 80%, and high transparency of about 80% of the light at 600 nm calculated for a 0.02 mm thick nanocellulose film. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that lignin, hemicellulose and other coloring agents were successfully removed. A comparably high crystallinity index of 80.15% was calculated from x-ray diffraction data. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the product had a typical maximum thermal degradation at 300 °C. The analysis results indicated the successful extraction of good CNC from waste newspaper with the shortest processing time ever reported for acid hydrolysis with conventional alkali and bleaching pretreatment. The findings also strongly support for further research of nanocomposites reinforced by CNC produced from waste newspaper. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:35:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efc33481294a4c6bbce03b36c8319508 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:35:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research Express |
| spelling | doaj.art-efc33481294a4c6bbce03b36c83195082023-08-09T16:15:00ZengIOP PublishingMaterials Research Express2053-15912020-01-017606500410.1088/2053-1591/ab9668Extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysisDan-Thuy Van-Pham0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8887-062XThi Yen Nhu Pham1Minh Chien Tran2Chanh-Nghiem Nguyen3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-170XQui Tran-Cong-Miyata4Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering Technology, Can Tho University , Can Tho, VietnamDepartment of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering Technology, Can Tho University , Can Tho, Vietnam; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei City, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering Technology, Can Tho University , Can Tho, VietnamDepartment of Automation Technology, College of Engineering Technology, Can Tho University , Can Tho, VietnamDepartment of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, JapanMotivated by many exclusive and useful features of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and the underutilized resource of waste newspaper, this study aimed to extract CNC from waste newspapers by means of alkali and bleaching treatments followed by acid hydrolysis. The morphological structure of the obtained CNC was analysed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The remarkable removal of surface contamination and the reduction in fiber diameter during alkali and bleaching treatment were observed and the nano-dimension of the extracted CNC was revealed with the average diameter of 12.3 ± 2.8 nm. Characterization of the extracted CNC showed a high whiteness index of 80%, and high transparency of about 80% of the light at 600 nm calculated for a 0.02 mm thick nanocellulose film. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that lignin, hemicellulose and other coloring agents were successfully removed. A comparably high crystallinity index of 80.15% was calculated from x-ray diffraction data. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the product had a typical maximum thermal degradation at 300 °C. The analysis results indicated the successful extraction of good CNC from waste newspaper with the shortest processing time ever reported for acid hydrolysis with conventional alkali and bleaching pretreatment. The findings also strongly support for further research of nanocomposites reinforced by CNC produced from waste newspaper.https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab9668acid hydrolysisnanocellulosewaste newspaperthermal stabilityprocessing time |
| spellingShingle | Dan-Thuy Van-Pham Thi Yen Nhu Pham Minh Chien Tran Chanh-Nghiem Nguyen Qui Tran-Cong-Miyata Extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysis Materials Research Express acid hydrolysis nanocellulose waste newspaper thermal stability processing time |
| title | Extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysis |
| title_full | Extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysis |
| title_fullStr | Extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysis |
| title_short | Extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysis |
| title_sort | extraction of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals in short processing time from waste newspaper by conventional acid hydrolysis |
| topic | acid hydrolysis nanocellulose waste newspaper thermal stability processing time |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab9668 |
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