Causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in Jordan
PurposeTo analyze causes and prognostic factors for death among Retinoblastoma (Rb) patients treated at a single specialized tertiary cancer center in Jordan.MethodsWe reviewed the mortality causes for all Rb patients who have been treated at the King Hussein Cancer Center between 2003 and 2019 and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1244308/full |
| _version_ | 1827825413226758144 |
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| author | Tharwa Bilbeisi Tharwa Bilbeisi Razaq Almasry Mariam Obeidat Mona Mohammad Imad Jaradat Hadeel Halalsheh Ayat Alni’mat Danah Kanj Ahmad Nour Alsaket Mustafa Mehyar Ibrahim Al-Nawaiseh Yacoub A. Yousef |
| author_facet | Tharwa Bilbeisi Tharwa Bilbeisi Razaq Almasry Mariam Obeidat Mona Mohammad Imad Jaradat Hadeel Halalsheh Ayat Alni’mat Danah Kanj Ahmad Nour Alsaket Mustafa Mehyar Ibrahim Al-Nawaiseh Yacoub A. Yousef |
| author_sort | Tharwa Bilbeisi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PurposeTo analyze causes and prognostic factors for death among Retinoblastoma (Rb) patients treated at a single specialized tertiary cancer center in Jordan.MethodsWe reviewed the mortality causes for all Rb patients who have been treated at the King Hussein Cancer Center between 2003 and 2019 and were followed for at least 3 years after diagnosis. The main outcome measures included demographics, laterality, tumor stage, treatment modalities, metastasis, survival, and causes of death.ResultsTwenty-four (5%) of the 478 patients died from retinoblastoma and 5-year survival was 94%. The mean age at diagnosis was 15 months (median, 18 months; range, 4–38 months); eight (33%) received diagnoses within the first year of life. Eleven (46%) were boys, 16 (67%) had bilateral disease, and 3 (13%) had a positive family history. The stage for the worst eye was C for 1 (4%) patient, D in 6 (25%) patients, and E (T3) in 15 (63%) patients. Two patients had extraocular Rb at diagnosis, and four of the patients who had intraocular Rb at diagnosis refused treatment and then came back with extraocular Rb. In total, extraocular disease was encountered in six eyes (six patients). After a 120-month median follow-up period, 24 patients (5%) died of second neoplasms (n = 3) or metastases (n = 21). Significant predictive factors for metastasis and death included advanced IIRC tumor stage (p < 0.0001), the presence of high-risk pathological features in the enucleated eyes (p = 0.013), parental refusal of the recommended primary treatment plan (p < 0.0001), and extraocular extension (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe 5-year survival rates of Rb patients in Jordan are as high as those in high-income countries. However, 5% are still dying from metastatic disease, prompting the need for awareness campaigns to educate the public about the high cure rates and to prevent treatment abandonment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:49:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efc5c030a5284fdf9e4a774f243b947a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:49:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-efc5c030a5284fdf9e4a774f243b947a2023-09-04T05:41:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2023-09-011010.3389/fmed.2023.12443081244308Causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in JordanTharwa Bilbeisi0Tharwa Bilbeisi1Razaq Almasry2Mariam Obeidat3Mona Mohammad4Imad Jaradat5Hadeel Halalsheh6Ayat Alni’mat7Danah Kanj Ahmad8Nour Alsaket9Mustafa Mehyar10Ibrahim Al-Nawaiseh11Yacoub A. Yousef12FedEx Institute of Technology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United StatesSt. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United StatesDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Pediatrics Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanDepartment of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, JordanPurposeTo analyze causes and prognostic factors for death among Retinoblastoma (Rb) patients treated at a single specialized tertiary cancer center in Jordan.MethodsWe reviewed the mortality causes for all Rb patients who have been treated at the King Hussein Cancer Center between 2003 and 2019 and were followed for at least 3 years after diagnosis. The main outcome measures included demographics, laterality, tumor stage, treatment modalities, metastasis, survival, and causes of death.ResultsTwenty-four (5%) of the 478 patients died from retinoblastoma and 5-year survival was 94%. The mean age at diagnosis was 15 months (median, 18 months; range, 4–38 months); eight (33%) received diagnoses within the first year of life. Eleven (46%) were boys, 16 (67%) had bilateral disease, and 3 (13%) had a positive family history. The stage for the worst eye was C for 1 (4%) patient, D in 6 (25%) patients, and E (T3) in 15 (63%) patients. Two patients had extraocular Rb at diagnosis, and four of the patients who had intraocular Rb at diagnosis refused treatment and then came back with extraocular Rb. In total, extraocular disease was encountered in six eyes (six patients). After a 120-month median follow-up period, 24 patients (5%) died of second neoplasms (n = 3) or metastases (n = 21). Significant predictive factors for metastasis and death included advanced IIRC tumor stage (p < 0.0001), the presence of high-risk pathological features in the enucleated eyes (p = 0.013), parental refusal of the recommended primary treatment plan (p < 0.0001), and extraocular extension (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe 5-year survival rates of Rb patients in Jordan are as high as those in high-income countries. However, 5% are still dying from metastatic disease, prompting the need for awareness campaigns to educate the public about the high cure rates and to prevent treatment abandonment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1244308/fulldeathJordanmetastasisretinoblastomasurvival |
| spellingShingle | Tharwa Bilbeisi Tharwa Bilbeisi Razaq Almasry Mariam Obeidat Mona Mohammad Imad Jaradat Hadeel Halalsheh Ayat Alni’mat Danah Kanj Ahmad Nour Alsaket Mustafa Mehyar Ibrahim Al-Nawaiseh Yacoub A. Yousef Causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in Jordan Frontiers in Medicine death Jordan metastasis retinoblastoma survival |
| title | Causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in Jordan |
| title_full | Causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in Jordan |
| title_fullStr | Causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in Jordan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in Jordan |
| title_short | Causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in Jordan |
| title_sort | causes of death and survival analysis for patients with retinoblastoma in jordan |
| topic | death Jordan metastasis retinoblastoma survival |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1244308/full |
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