Inactivation and sub-lethal injury of <it>salmonella </it>typhi, <it>salmonella </it>typhimurium and <it>vibrio cholerae </it>in copper water storage vessels
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study provides information on the antibacterial effect of copper against the water-borne pathogens <it>Salmonella </it>Typhi, <it>Salmonella </it>Typhimurium and <it>Vibrio cholerae</it>.</...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2011-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/11/204 |
| _version_ | 1818541612410601472 |
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| author | Reed Robert H Chhibber Sanjay Sharan Riti |
| author_facet | Reed Robert H Chhibber Sanjay Sharan Riti |
| author_sort | Reed Robert H |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study provides information on the antibacterial effect of copper against the water-borne pathogens <it>Salmonella </it>Typhi, <it>Salmonella </it>Typhimurium and <it>Vibrio cholerae</it>.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Suspensions of each pathogen were kept in water within a traditional copper vessel at 30°C for 24 h. Samples were withdrawn, diluted and plated onto suitable growth media. Conventional enumeration of healthy (uninjured) bacteria was carried out using standard aerobic incubation conditions. Additionally, reactive oxygen species-neutralised (ROS-n) conditions were achieved by adding the peroxide scavenger sodium pyruvate to the medium with anaerobic incubation, to enumerate uninjured (ROS-insensitive) and injured (ROS-sensitive) bacteria. Differences between log-transformed means of conventional (aerobic) and ROS-n counts were statistically evaluated using <it>t </it>tests.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Overall, all three pathogens were inactivated by storage in copper vessels for 24 h. However, for shorter-term incubation (4-12 h), higher counts were observed under ROS-n conditions than under aerobic conditions, which demonstrate the presence of substantial numbers of sub-lethally injured cells prior to their complete inactivation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The present study has for the first time confirmed that these bacterial pathogens are inactivated by storage in a copper vessel within 24 h. However, it has also demonstrated that it is necessary to account for short-term sub-lethal injury, manifest as ROS-sensitivity, in order to more fully understand the process. This has important practical implications in terms of the time required to store water within a copper vessel to completely inactivate these bacteria and thereby remove the risk of water-borne disease transmission by this route.</p> |
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| id | doaj.art-efc8d0897f2a4ad1a2adbdd749fcc58d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:11:33Z |
| publishDate | 2011-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-efc8d0897f2a4ad1a2adbdd749fcc58d2022-12-22T00:48:45ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342011-07-0111120410.1186/1471-2334-11-204Inactivation and sub-lethal injury of <it>salmonella </it>typhi, <it>salmonella </it>typhimurium and <it>vibrio cholerae </it>in copper water storage vesselsReed Robert HChhibber SanjaySharan Riti<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study provides information on the antibacterial effect of copper against the water-borne pathogens <it>Salmonella </it>Typhi, <it>Salmonella </it>Typhimurium and <it>Vibrio cholerae</it>.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Suspensions of each pathogen were kept in water within a traditional copper vessel at 30°C for 24 h. Samples were withdrawn, diluted and plated onto suitable growth media. Conventional enumeration of healthy (uninjured) bacteria was carried out using standard aerobic incubation conditions. Additionally, reactive oxygen species-neutralised (ROS-n) conditions were achieved by adding the peroxide scavenger sodium pyruvate to the medium with anaerobic incubation, to enumerate uninjured (ROS-insensitive) and injured (ROS-sensitive) bacteria. Differences between log-transformed means of conventional (aerobic) and ROS-n counts were statistically evaluated using <it>t </it>tests.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Overall, all three pathogens were inactivated by storage in copper vessels for 24 h. However, for shorter-term incubation (4-12 h), higher counts were observed under ROS-n conditions than under aerobic conditions, which demonstrate the presence of substantial numbers of sub-lethally injured cells prior to their complete inactivation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The present study has for the first time confirmed that these bacterial pathogens are inactivated by storage in a copper vessel within 24 h. However, it has also demonstrated that it is necessary to account for short-term sub-lethal injury, manifest as ROS-sensitivity, in order to more fully understand the process. This has important practical implications in terms of the time required to store water within a copper vessel to completely inactivate these bacteria and thereby remove the risk of water-borne disease transmission by this route.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/11/204 |
| spellingShingle | Reed Robert H Chhibber Sanjay Sharan Riti Inactivation and sub-lethal injury of <it>salmonella </it>typhi, <it>salmonella </it>typhimurium and <it>vibrio cholerae </it>in copper water storage vessels BMC Infectious Diseases |
| title | Inactivation and sub-lethal injury of <it>salmonella </it>typhi, <it>salmonella </it>typhimurium and <it>vibrio cholerae </it>in copper water storage vessels |
| title_full | Inactivation and sub-lethal injury of <it>salmonella </it>typhi, <it>salmonella </it>typhimurium and <it>vibrio cholerae </it>in copper water storage vessels |
| title_fullStr | Inactivation and sub-lethal injury of <it>salmonella </it>typhi, <it>salmonella </it>typhimurium and <it>vibrio cholerae </it>in copper water storage vessels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inactivation and sub-lethal injury of <it>salmonella </it>typhi, <it>salmonella </it>typhimurium and <it>vibrio cholerae </it>in copper water storage vessels |
| title_short | Inactivation and sub-lethal injury of <it>salmonella </it>typhi, <it>salmonella </it>typhimurium and <it>vibrio cholerae </it>in copper water storage vessels |
| title_sort | inactivation and sub lethal injury of it salmonella it typhi it salmonella it typhimurium and it vibrio cholerae it in copper water storage vessels |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/11/204 |
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