<i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Extract-Based Natural Oils Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Microbial Action against Dermatitis
Background: Dermatitis is skin disorder that is complicated by recurrent infections of skin by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Spilanthol is an active constituent of <i>Spilanthes acmella</i>, which possess strong anti-bacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to develop a herbal...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/10/832 |
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| author | Aqsa Afzal Syed Nisar Hussain Shah Hina Javed Asma Mumtaz Javeria Saeed Hafiz Majid Rasheed Rabia Arshad Siddique Akber Ansari Hamad M. Alkahtani Irfan Aamer Ansari |
| author_facet | Aqsa Afzal Syed Nisar Hussain Shah Hina Javed Asma Mumtaz Javeria Saeed Hafiz Majid Rasheed Rabia Arshad Siddique Akber Ansari Hamad M. Alkahtani Irfan Aamer Ansari |
| author_sort | Aqsa Afzal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Dermatitis is skin disorder that is complicated by recurrent infections of skin by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Spilanthol is an active constituent of <i>Spilanthes acmella</i>, which possess strong anti-bacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to develop a herbal emulgel for the treatment of dermal bacterial infections, as microscopic organisms have created solid resistance against anti-microbials. Methods: Emulgels were prepared and characterized for parameters such as physical examination, rheological studies, spreading coefficient, bio-adhesive strength measurement, extrudability study, antibacterial activity, FTIR analysis, in vitro drug dissolution, and ex vivo permeation studies. Result: With a statistically significant <i>p</i>-value = 0.024, 100% antibacterial activity was observed by F4 against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (mean ± S.D) (25.33 ± 0.28, 27.33 ± 0.5, and 27 ± 0.5). However, maximum antibacterial effect 100% formulations produced zones of inhibitions against <i>E. coli</i><i>p</i>-value = 0.001. The mean zone of inhibition produced by F4 was greatest among all at 26.44 ± 0.37 mm (mean ± S.D). The F4 formulation produced a maximum percentage dissolution, permeation, and flux of 86.35 ± 0.576, 55.29 ± 0.127%, and 0.5532 ug/cm<sup>2</sup>/min, respectively. Conclusions: The present study therefore, suggests the use of <i>S. acmella</i> extract and olive oil containing emulgel for treating bacterial skin infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:14:15Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:14:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gels |
| spelling | doaj.art-efccece7e4ed4c98b9026847273b29aa2023-11-19T16:36:00ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612023-10-0191083210.3390/gels9100832<i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Extract-Based Natural Oils Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Microbial Action against DermatitisAqsa Afzal0Syed Nisar Hussain Shah1Hina Javed2Asma Mumtaz3Javeria Saeed4Hafiz Majid Rasheed5Rabia Arshad6Siddique Akber Ansari7Hamad M. Alkahtani8Irfan Aamer Ansari9Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, PakistanFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, PakistanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, PakistanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, PakistanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, PakistanFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, PakistanFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, PakistanDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, ItalyBackground: Dermatitis is skin disorder that is complicated by recurrent infections of skin by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Spilanthol is an active constituent of <i>Spilanthes acmella</i>, which possess strong anti-bacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to develop a herbal emulgel for the treatment of dermal bacterial infections, as microscopic organisms have created solid resistance against anti-microbials. Methods: Emulgels were prepared and characterized for parameters such as physical examination, rheological studies, spreading coefficient, bio-adhesive strength measurement, extrudability study, antibacterial activity, FTIR analysis, in vitro drug dissolution, and ex vivo permeation studies. Result: With a statistically significant <i>p</i>-value = 0.024, 100% antibacterial activity was observed by F4 against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (mean ± S.D) (25.33 ± 0.28, 27.33 ± 0.5, and 27 ± 0.5). However, maximum antibacterial effect 100% formulations produced zones of inhibitions against <i>E. coli</i><i>p</i>-value = 0.001. The mean zone of inhibition produced by F4 was greatest among all at 26.44 ± 0.37 mm (mean ± S.D). The F4 formulation produced a maximum percentage dissolution, permeation, and flux of 86.35 ± 0.576, 55.29 ± 0.127%, and 0.5532 ug/cm<sup>2</sup>/min, respectively. Conclusions: The present study therefore, suggests the use of <i>S. acmella</i> extract and olive oil containing emulgel for treating bacterial skin infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/10/832<i>Spilanthes acmella</i>spilanthol<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i><i>Escherichia coli</i>emulgel |
| spellingShingle | Aqsa Afzal Syed Nisar Hussain Shah Hina Javed Asma Mumtaz Javeria Saeed Hafiz Majid Rasheed Rabia Arshad Siddique Akber Ansari Hamad M. Alkahtani Irfan Aamer Ansari <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Extract-Based Natural Oils Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Microbial Action against Dermatitis Gels <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> spilanthol <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> <i>Escherichia coli</i> emulgel |
| title | <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Extract-Based Natural Oils Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Microbial Action against Dermatitis |
| title_full | <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Extract-Based Natural Oils Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Microbial Action against Dermatitis |
| title_fullStr | <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Extract-Based Natural Oils Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Microbial Action against Dermatitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Extract-Based Natural Oils Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Microbial Action against Dermatitis |
| title_short | <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Extract-Based Natural Oils Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Microbial Action against Dermatitis |
| title_sort | i spilanthes acmella i extract based natural oils loaded emulgel for anti microbial action against dermatitis |
| topic | <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> spilanthol <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> <i>Escherichia coli</i> emulgel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/10/832 |
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