Association Between APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Diseases and Annual Kidney Function Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prospective Studies
Ram Jagannathan,1 Kanya Rajagopalan,2 Julien Hogan,3,4 Allyson Hart,5,6 Kenneth A Newell,4 Stephen O Pastan,7 Rachel E Patzer4,7,8 1Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Hea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2021-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/association-between-apol1-genotype-and-kidney-diseases-and-annual-kidn-peer-reviewed-article-IJNRD |
| _version_ | 1818611384870502400 |
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| author | Jagannathan R Rajagopalan K Hogan J Hart A Newell KA Pastan SO Patzer RE |
| author_facet | Jagannathan R Rajagopalan K Hogan J Hart A Newell KA Pastan SO Patzer RE |
| author_sort | Jagannathan R |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ram Jagannathan,1 Kanya Rajagopalan,2 Julien Hogan,3,4 Allyson Hart,5,6 Kenneth A Newell,4 Stephen O Pastan,7 Rachel E Patzer4,7,8 1Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 3Pediatric Nephrology Department, Robert Debre University Hospital, Paris, 75019, France; 4Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 5Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 6University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 7Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 8Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USACorrespondence: Ram JagannathanDepartment of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USAEmail ram.jagannathan@emory.eduBackground: Two coding risk variants in the Apo L1 gene (APOL1) underlie most of the excess risk for kidney diseases in recent African ancestry patients. Strength and consistency of the relationship between APOL1 high-risk genotypes and the risk of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are not uniform.Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies assessing the association of APOL1 genotypes and the risk of developing CKD, ESRD, and CKD to ESRD in adults.Methods: Systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar was performed for prospective studies assessing the associations between APOL1 genotypes and CKD, ESRD, and progression from CKD to ESRD. Secondary analyses were to evaluate the annual kidney function change by APOL1 gene status. Random effects models were used to estimate pooled risk ratios (RRs) and weighted mean differences for outcomes of interest.Results: The search yield 10 prospective during a follow-up period ranging from 4.4 to 25 years. The high-risk APOL1 genotype was associated with the incidence of CKD (RR:1.41[95% CI: 1.14– 1.75]), the progression from CKD to ESRD (RR: 1.70[95% CI:1.44; 2.01]) compared with the low-risk APOL1 genotype. There was no appreciable association between high-risk APOL1 genotype with the incidence of ESRD. Furthermore, high-risk APOL1 genotype was associated with a marginal decrement in the annual eGFR decline (− 0.55[95% CI: − 0.94 to − 0.16]) mL/min/1.73m2 compared with low-risk APOL1 genotype status.Conclusion: In summary, African Americans carrying APOL1 high-risk genotypes are at increased risk of developing CKD and ESRD. Given that the APOL1 risk alleles are common among individuals with African ancestry, with ∼ 18% of African Americans carrying high-risk alleles, these findings highlight the potential identification of subgroups of patients who may benefit from APOL1 screening and developing culturally-appropriate interventions.Keywords: APOL1, chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal diseases, disparities, African Americans |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:29:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efdb056d4a34499d8cbe165730c7e67b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7058 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:29:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-efdb056d4a34499d8cbe165730c7e67b2022-12-21T22:26:23ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease1178-70582021-04-01Volume 149710463701Association Between APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Diseases and Annual Kidney Function Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prospective StudiesJagannathan RRajagopalan KHogan JHart ANewell KAPastan SOPatzer RERam Jagannathan,1 Kanya Rajagopalan,2 Julien Hogan,3,4 Allyson Hart,5,6 Kenneth A Newell,4 Stephen O Pastan,7 Rachel E Patzer4,7,8 1Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 3Pediatric Nephrology Department, Robert Debre University Hospital, Paris, 75019, France; 4Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 5Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 6University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 7Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 8Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USACorrespondence: Ram JagannathanDepartment of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USAEmail ram.jagannathan@emory.eduBackground: Two coding risk variants in the Apo L1 gene (APOL1) underlie most of the excess risk for kidney diseases in recent African ancestry patients. Strength and consistency of the relationship between APOL1 high-risk genotypes and the risk of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are not uniform.Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies assessing the association of APOL1 genotypes and the risk of developing CKD, ESRD, and CKD to ESRD in adults.Methods: Systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar was performed for prospective studies assessing the associations between APOL1 genotypes and CKD, ESRD, and progression from CKD to ESRD. Secondary analyses were to evaluate the annual kidney function change by APOL1 gene status. Random effects models were used to estimate pooled risk ratios (RRs) and weighted mean differences for outcomes of interest.Results: The search yield 10 prospective during a follow-up period ranging from 4.4 to 25 years. The high-risk APOL1 genotype was associated with the incidence of CKD (RR:1.41[95% CI: 1.14– 1.75]), the progression from CKD to ESRD (RR: 1.70[95% CI:1.44; 2.01]) compared with the low-risk APOL1 genotype. There was no appreciable association between high-risk APOL1 genotype with the incidence of ESRD. Furthermore, high-risk APOL1 genotype was associated with a marginal decrement in the annual eGFR decline (− 0.55[95% CI: − 0.94 to − 0.16]) mL/min/1.73m2 compared with low-risk APOL1 genotype status.Conclusion: In summary, African Americans carrying APOL1 high-risk genotypes are at increased risk of developing CKD and ESRD. Given that the APOL1 risk alleles are common among individuals with African ancestry, with ∼ 18% of African Americans carrying high-risk alleles, these findings highlight the potential identification of subgroups of patients who may benefit from APOL1 screening and developing culturally-appropriate interventions.Keywords: APOL1, chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal diseases, disparities, African Americanshttps://www.dovepress.com/association-between-apol1-genotype-and-kidney-diseases-and-annual-kidn-peer-reviewed-article-IJNRDapol1chronic kidney diseaseend-stage renal diseasesdisparitiesafrican americans |
| spellingShingle | Jagannathan R Rajagopalan K Hogan J Hart A Newell KA Pastan SO Patzer RE Association Between APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Diseases and Annual Kidney Function Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prospective Studies International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease apol1 chronic kidney disease end-stage renal diseases disparities african americans |
| title | Association Between APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Diseases and Annual Kidney Function Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prospective Studies |
| title_full | Association Between APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Diseases and Annual Kidney Function Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prospective Studies |
| title_fullStr | Association Between APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Diseases and Annual Kidney Function Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prospective Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association Between APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Diseases and Annual Kidney Function Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prospective Studies |
| title_short | Association Between APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Diseases and Annual Kidney Function Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prospective Studies |
| title_sort | association between apol1 genotype and kidney diseases and annual kidney function change a systematic review and meta analysis of the prospective studies |
| topic | apol1 chronic kidney disease end-stage renal diseases disparities african americans |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/association-between-apol1-genotype-and-kidney-diseases-and-annual-kidn-peer-reviewed-article-IJNRD |
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