Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of PEO Coatings Formed on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Electrolytes with Graphene Oxide Additives
Coatings with a thickness from ~40 to ~50 µm on Ti6Al4V titanium alloys were formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in a silicate-hypophosphite electrolyte with the addition of graphene oxide. The PEO treatment was carried out in the anode–cathode mode (50 Hz) at a ratio of anode and cathode...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/11/3928 |
| _version_ | 1797597270671097856 |
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| author | Sergey Grigoriev Nikita Peretyagin Andrey Apelfeld Anton Smirnov Alexei Morozov Elena Torskaya Marina Volosova Oleg Yanushevich Nikolay Yarygin Natella Krikheli Pavel Peretyagin |
| author_facet | Sergey Grigoriev Nikita Peretyagin Andrey Apelfeld Anton Smirnov Alexei Morozov Elena Torskaya Marina Volosova Oleg Yanushevich Nikolay Yarygin Natella Krikheli Pavel Peretyagin |
| author_sort | Sergey Grigoriev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coatings with a thickness from ~40 to ~50 µm on Ti6Al4V titanium alloys were formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in a silicate-hypophosphite electrolyte with the addition of graphene oxide. The PEO treatment was carried out in the anode–cathode mode (50 Hz) at a ratio of anode and cathode currents of 1:1; their sum density was 20 A/dm<sup>2</sup>, and the treatment’s duration was 30 min. The effect of the graphene oxide’s concentration in the electrolyte on the thickness, roughness, hardness, surface morphology, structure, composition, and tribological characteristics of the PEO coatings was studied. Wear experiments, under dry conditions, were carried out in a ball-on-disk tribotester with an applied load of 5 N, a sliding speed of 0.1 m·s<sup>−1</sup>, and a sliding distance of 1000 m. According to the obtained results, the addition of graphene oxide (GO) into the base silicate-hypophosphite electrolyte leads to a slight decrease in the coefficient of friction (from 0.73 to 0.69) and a reduction in the wear rate by more than 1.5 times (from 8.04 to 5.2 mm<sup>3</sup>/N·m), with an increase in the GO’s concentration from 0 to 0.5 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. This occurs due to the formation of a GO-containing lubricating tribolayer upon contact with the coating of the counter-body in the friction pair. Delamination of the coatings during wear occurs due to contact fatigue; with an increase in the concentration of GO in the electrolyte from 0 to 0.5 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, this process slows down by more than four times. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:04:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efdbcfc861ac45bdb008445d11382f19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:04:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-efdbcfc861ac45bdb008445d11382f192023-11-18T08:07:56ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-05-011611392810.3390/ma16113928Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of PEO Coatings Formed on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Electrolytes with Graphene Oxide AdditivesSergey Grigoriev0Nikita Peretyagin1Andrey Apelfeld2Anton Smirnov3Alexei Morozov4Elena Torskaya5Marina Volosova6Oleg Yanushevich7Nikolay Yarygin8Natella Krikheli9Pavel Peretyagin10Spark Plasma Sintering Research Laboratory, Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, Vadkovsky per.1, Moscow 127055, RussiaSpark Plasma Sintering Research Laboratory, Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, Vadkovsky per.1, Moscow 127055, RussiaDepartment 1203, Moscow Aviation Institute, National Research University, Volokolamskoe Shosse, 4, Moscow 125993, RussiaSpark Plasma Sintering Research Laboratory, Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, Vadkovsky per.1, Moscow 127055, RussiaLaboratory of Tribology, Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS, pr. Vernandskogo, 101-1, Moscow 119526, RussiaLaboratory of Tribology, Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS, pr. Vernandskogo, 101-1, Moscow 119526, RussiaSpark Plasma Sintering Research Laboratory, Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, Vadkovsky per.1, Moscow 127055, RussiaScientific Department, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya St., 20, p.1, Moscow 127473, RussiaScientific Department, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya St., 20, p.1, Moscow 127473, RussiaScientific Department, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya St., 20, p.1, Moscow 127473, RussiaSpark Plasma Sintering Research Laboratory, Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, Vadkovsky per.1, Moscow 127055, RussiaCoatings with a thickness from ~40 to ~50 µm on Ti6Al4V titanium alloys were formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in a silicate-hypophosphite electrolyte with the addition of graphene oxide. The PEO treatment was carried out in the anode–cathode mode (50 Hz) at a ratio of anode and cathode currents of 1:1; their sum density was 20 A/dm<sup>2</sup>, and the treatment’s duration was 30 min. The effect of the graphene oxide’s concentration in the electrolyte on the thickness, roughness, hardness, surface morphology, structure, composition, and tribological characteristics of the PEO coatings was studied. Wear experiments, under dry conditions, were carried out in a ball-on-disk tribotester with an applied load of 5 N, a sliding speed of 0.1 m·s<sup>−1</sup>, and a sliding distance of 1000 m. According to the obtained results, the addition of graphene oxide (GO) into the base silicate-hypophosphite electrolyte leads to a slight decrease in the coefficient of friction (from 0.73 to 0.69) and a reduction in the wear rate by more than 1.5 times (from 8.04 to 5.2 mm<sup>3</sup>/N·m), with an increase in the GO’s concentration from 0 to 0.5 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. This occurs due to the formation of a GO-containing lubricating tribolayer upon contact with the coating of the counter-body in the friction pair. Delamination of the coatings during wear occurs due to contact fatigue; with an increase in the concentration of GO in the electrolyte from 0 to 0.5 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, this process slows down by more than four times.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/11/3928Ti6Al4V titanium alloyplasma electrolytic oxidationgraphene oxidePEO coatingsurface morphologyfriction |
| spellingShingle | Sergey Grigoriev Nikita Peretyagin Andrey Apelfeld Anton Smirnov Alexei Morozov Elena Torskaya Marina Volosova Oleg Yanushevich Nikolay Yarygin Natella Krikheli Pavel Peretyagin Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of PEO Coatings Formed on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Electrolytes with Graphene Oxide Additives Materials Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plasma electrolytic oxidation graphene oxide PEO coating surface morphology friction |
| title | Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of PEO Coatings Formed on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Electrolytes with Graphene Oxide Additives |
| title_full | Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of PEO Coatings Formed on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Electrolytes with Graphene Oxide Additives |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of PEO Coatings Formed on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Electrolytes with Graphene Oxide Additives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of PEO Coatings Formed on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Electrolytes with Graphene Oxide Additives |
| title_short | Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of PEO Coatings Formed on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Electrolytes with Graphene Oxide Additives |
| title_sort | investigation of tribological characteristics of peo coatings formed on ti6al4v titanium alloy in electrolytes with graphene oxide additives |
| topic | Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plasma electrolytic oxidation graphene oxide PEO coating surface morphology friction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/11/3928 |
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