Elucidating the Effects of Reaction Time on the Physicochemical Characterization of Valorized Synthesized Alumina
Aluminum waste-can management in Malaysia has recently become a serious environmental and public health issue, particularly in metropolitan areas. This has prompted the need to valorize these waste-cans into value-added products using the most economical and environmentally friendly techniques. In t...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/9/3046 |
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| author | Aiman A. Bin Mokaizh Jun Haslinda Shariffuddin Abdullah O. Baarimah Amin Al-Fakih Abdullah Mohamed Salem O. Baarimah Al-Baraa Abdulrahman Al-Mekhlafi Hamoud Alenezi Olusegun Abayomi Olalere Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed |
| author_facet | Aiman A. Bin Mokaizh Jun Haslinda Shariffuddin Abdullah O. Baarimah Amin Al-Fakih Abdullah Mohamed Salem O. Baarimah Al-Baraa Abdulrahman Al-Mekhlafi Hamoud Alenezi Olusegun Abayomi Olalere Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed |
| author_sort | Aiman A. Bin Mokaizh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aluminum waste-can management in Malaysia has recently become a serious environmental and public health issue, particularly in metropolitan areas. This has prompted the need to valorize these waste-cans into value-added products using the most economical and environmentally friendly techniques. In this study, the sol–gel technique was used to synthesize high-quality alumina from the aluminum waste-cans collected. From this method, the observed peaks of the synthesized alumina were identified as diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), aluminum oxide, or gamma-alumina (γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) crystalline structure and corundum. The morphological configuration, microstructure, and functional group properties of the synthesized alumina were evaluated. All the synthesized alumina exhibited a non-spherical shape and appeared to have hexagonal-like shape particles. Moreover, the XRD patterns of the synthesized alumina AL-6-30 and AL-12-30 exhibited a small angle (1–10°) with no XRD peak, which indicated a mesoporous pore structure with no long-range order. The overall results of γ-alumina synthesized from the aluminum waste-cans showed an optimal condition in producing a highly structured γ-alumina with excellent surface-area characteristics. The synthesized alumina exhibited stronger and highly crystalline functional characteristics almost comparable with the commercially available brands on the market. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:59:59Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:59:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-efe3668de7694dadbce5c0d1e4d7ecfc2023-11-23T08:37:17ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-04-01159304610.3390/ma15093046Elucidating the Effects of Reaction Time on the Physicochemical Characterization of Valorized Synthesized AluminaAiman A. Bin Mokaizh0Jun Haslinda Shariffuddin1Abdullah O. Baarimah2Amin Al-Fakih3Abdullah Mohamed4Salem O. Baarimah5Al-Baraa Abdulrahman Al-Mekhlafi6Hamoud Alenezi7Olusegun Abayomi Olalere8Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed9Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, MalaysiaFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, MalaysiaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaInterdisciplinary Research Center for Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi ArabiaResearch Centre, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, EgyptDepartment of Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Hadhramout University, Al Mukalla 50512, Hadhramout, YemenDepartment of Management & Humanities, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaResearch Institute for Sustainable Environment, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, MalaysiaABrC-Inkubator Inovasi Universiti (I2U), sains@usm, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas 11900, Penang, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaAluminum waste-can management in Malaysia has recently become a serious environmental and public health issue, particularly in metropolitan areas. This has prompted the need to valorize these waste-cans into value-added products using the most economical and environmentally friendly techniques. In this study, the sol–gel technique was used to synthesize high-quality alumina from the aluminum waste-cans collected. From this method, the observed peaks of the synthesized alumina were identified as diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), aluminum oxide, or gamma-alumina (γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) crystalline structure and corundum. The morphological configuration, microstructure, and functional group properties of the synthesized alumina were evaluated. All the synthesized alumina exhibited a non-spherical shape and appeared to have hexagonal-like shape particles. Moreover, the XRD patterns of the synthesized alumina AL-6-30 and AL-12-30 exhibited a small angle (1–10°) with no XRD peak, which indicated a mesoporous pore structure with no long-range order. The overall results of γ-alumina synthesized from the aluminum waste-cans showed an optimal condition in producing a highly structured γ-alumina with excellent surface-area characteristics. The synthesized alumina exhibited stronger and highly crystalline functional characteristics almost comparable with the commercially available brands on the market.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/9/3046aluminum oxidealuminum waste cancharacterizationsol–gel synthesis |
| spellingShingle | Aiman A. Bin Mokaizh Jun Haslinda Shariffuddin Abdullah O. Baarimah Amin Al-Fakih Abdullah Mohamed Salem O. Baarimah Al-Baraa Abdulrahman Al-Mekhlafi Hamoud Alenezi Olusegun Abayomi Olalere Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed Elucidating the Effects of Reaction Time on the Physicochemical Characterization of Valorized Synthesized Alumina Materials aluminum oxide aluminum waste can characterization sol–gel synthesis |
| title | Elucidating the Effects of Reaction Time on the Physicochemical Characterization of Valorized Synthesized Alumina |
| title_full | Elucidating the Effects of Reaction Time on the Physicochemical Characterization of Valorized Synthesized Alumina |
| title_fullStr | Elucidating the Effects of Reaction Time on the Physicochemical Characterization of Valorized Synthesized Alumina |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elucidating the Effects of Reaction Time on the Physicochemical Characterization of Valorized Synthesized Alumina |
| title_short | Elucidating the Effects of Reaction Time on the Physicochemical Characterization of Valorized Synthesized Alumina |
| title_sort | elucidating the effects of reaction time on the physicochemical characterization of valorized synthesized alumina |
| topic | aluminum oxide aluminum waste can characterization sol–gel synthesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/9/3046 |
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