Determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnets
Although low-dimensional S = 1 antiferromagnets remain of great interest, difficulty in obtaining high-quality single crystals of the newest materials hinders experimental research in this area. Polycrystalline samples are more readily produced, but there are inherent problems in extracting the mag...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2019-01-01
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| Series: | New Journal of Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab3dba |
| _version_ | 1797750036094779392 |
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| author | W J A Blackmore J Brambleby T Lancaster S J Clark R D Johnson J Singleton A Ozarowski J A Schlueter Y-S Chen A M Arif S Lapidus F Xiao R C Williams S J Blundell M J Pearce M R Lees P Manuel D Y Villa J A Villa J L Manson P A Goddard |
| author_facet | W J A Blackmore J Brambleby T Lancaster S J Clark R D Johnson J Singleton A Ozarowski J A Schlueter Y-S Chen A M Arif S Lapidus F Xiao R C Williams S J Blundell M J Pearce M R Lees P Manuel D Y Villa J A Villa J L Manson P A Goddard |
| author_sort | W J A Blackmore |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although low-dimensional S = 1 antiferromagnets remain of great interest, difficulty in obtaining high-quality single crystals of the newest materials hinders experimental research in this area. Polycrystalline samples are more readily produced, but there are inherent problems in extracting the magnetic properties of anisotropic systems from powder data. Following a discussion of the effect of powder-averaging on various measurement techniques, we present a methodology to overcome this issue using thermodynamic measurements. In particular we focus on whether it is possible to characterise the magnetic properties of polycrystalline, anisotropic samples using readily available laboratory equipment. We test the efficacy of our method using the magnets [Ni(H _2 O) _2 (3,5-lutidine) _4 ](BF _4 ) _2 and Ni(H _2 O) _2 (acetate) _2 (4-picoline) _2 , which have negligible exchange interactions, as well as the antiferromagnet [Ni(H _2 O) _2 (pyrazine) _2 ](BF _4 ) _2 , and show that we are able to extract the anisotropy parameters in each case. The results obtained from the thermodynamic measurements are checked against electron-spin resonance and neutron diffraction. We also present a density functional method, which incorporates spin–orbit coupling to estimate the size of the anisotropy in [Ni(H _2 O) _2 (pyrazine) _2 ](BF _4 ) _2 . |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:26:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efe8a1fe402f4a87b15e2253df0b90cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1367-2630 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:26:59Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | New Journal of Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-efe8a1fe402f4a87b15e2253df0b90cb2023-08-08T15:41:14ZengIOP PublishingNew Journal of Physics1367-26302019-01-0121909302510.1088/1367-2630/ab3dbaDetermining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnetsW J A Blackmore0J Brambleby1T Lancaster2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-4215S J Clark3R D Johnson4J Singleton5A Ozarowski6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6225-9796J A Schlueter7Y-S Chen8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7646-7761A M Arif9S Lapidus10F Xiao11R C Williams12S J Blundell13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3426-0834M J Pearce14M R Lees15https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2270-2295P Manuel16D Y Villa17J A Villa18J L Manson19https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2692-3500P A Goddard20https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0666-5236Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Coventry, CV4 7AL, United KingdomDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick , Coventry, CV4 7AL, United KingdomCentre for Materials Physics, Durham University , Durham, DH1 3LE, United KingdomCentre for Materials Physics, Durham University , Durham, DH1 3LE, United KingdomClarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United KingdomNHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of AmericaNHMFL, Florida State University , Tallahassee, FL 32310, United States of AmericaMaterials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, United States of America; Division of Materials Research, National Science Foundation, 2415 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22314, United States of AmericaChemMatCARS, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, United States of AmericaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States of AmericaX-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, United States of AmericaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern , 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, SwitzerlandDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick , Coventry, CV4 7AL, United KingdomClarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United KingdomDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick , Coventry, CV4 7AL, United KingdomDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick , Coventry, CV4 7AL, United KingdomISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0QX, United KingdomDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Eastern Washington State University , Cheney, WA 99004, United States of AmericaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Eastern Washington State University , Cheney, WA 99004, United States of AmericaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Eastern Washington State University , Cheney, WA 99004, United States of AmericaDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick , Coventry, CV4 7AL, United KingdomAlthough low-dimensional S = 1 antiferromagnets remain of great interest, difficulty in obtaining high-quality single crystals of the newest materials hinders experimental research in this area. Polycrystalline samples are more readily produced, but there are inherent problems in extracting the magnetic properties of anisotropic systems from powder data. Following a discussion of the effect of powder-averaging on various measurement techniques, we present a methodology to overcome this issue using thermodynamic measurements. In particular we focus on whether it is possible to characterise the magnetic properties of polycrystalline, anisotropic samples using readily available laboratory equipment. We test the efficacy of our method using the magnets [Ni(H _2 O) _2 (3,5-lutidine) _4 ](BF _4 ) _2 and Ni(H _2 O) _2 (acetate) _2 (4-picoline) _2 , which have negligible exchange interactions, as well as the antiferromagnet [Ni(H _2 O) _2 (pyrazine) _2 ](BF _4 ) _2 , and show that we are able to extract the anisotropy parameters in each case. The results obtained from the thermodynamic measurements are checked against electron-spin resonance and neutron diffraction. We also present a density functional method, which incorporates spin–orbit coupling to estimate the size of the anisotropy in [Ni(H _2 O) _2 (pyrazine) _2 ](BF _4 ) _2 .https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab3dbamagnetismmolecule-based magnetslow-dimensional magnetism |
| spellingShingle | W J A Blackmore J Brambleby T Lancaster S J Clark R D Johnson J Singleton A Ozarowski J A Schlueter Y-S Chen A M Arif S Lapidus F Xiao R C Williams S J Blundell M J Pearce M R Lees P Manuel D Y Villa J A Villa J L Manson P A Goddard Determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnets New Journal of Physics magnetism molecule-based magnets low-dimensional magnetism |
| title | Determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnets |
| title_full | Determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnets |
| title_fullStr | Determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnets |
| title_short | Determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin-1 magnets |
| title_sort | determining the anisotropy and exchange parameters of polycrystalline spin 1 magnets |
| topic | magnetism molecule-based magnets low-dimensional magnetism |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab3dba |
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