Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene Expression
Nanoscience is a multidisciplinary skill with elucidated nanoscale particles and their advantages in applications to various fields. Owing to their economical synthesis, biocompatible nature, and widespread biomedical and environmental applications, the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using m...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/9/2795 |
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| author | Reshmi Akter Li Ling Esrat Jahan Rupa Jin KyuPark Ramya Mathiyalagan Jinnatun Nahar Lee Jong Won Kim Do Hyun Mohanapriya Murugesan Deok Chun Yang Se Chan Kang Gi-Young Kwak |
| author_facet | Reshmi Akter Li Ling Esrat Jahan Rupa Jin KyuPark Ramya Mathiyalagan Jinnatun Nahar Lee Jong Won Kim Do Hyun Mohanapriya Murugesan Deok Chun Yang Se Chan Kang Gi-Young Kwak |
| author_sort | Reshmi Akter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanoscience is a multidisciplinary skill with elucidated nanoscale particles and their advantages in applications to various fields. Owing to their economical synthesis, biocompatible nature, and widespread biomedical and environmental applications, the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using medicinal plants has become a potential research area in biomedical research and functional food formulations. <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i> (GP) has been extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine to cure several diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). This is the first study in which we examined the efficacy of <i>G. pentaphyllum</i> gold nanoparticles (GP-AuNPs) against obesity and related inflammation. GP extract was used as a capping agent to reduce Au<sup>2+</sup> to Au<sup>0</sup> to form stable gold nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by using UV–VIS spectroscopy, and TEM images were used to analyze morphology. In contrast, the existence of the functional group was measured using FTIR, and size and shape were examined using XRD analysis. In vitro analysis on GP-AuNPs was nontoxic to RAW 264.7 cells and 3T3-L1 cells up to a specific concentration. It significantly decreased lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 obese and reduced NO production in Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. The significant adipogenic genes PPARγ and CEPBα and a major pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α expression were quantified using RT-PCR. The GP-AuNPs decreased the face of these genes remarkably, revealing the antiadipogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of our synthesized GP-AuNPs. This study represents thorough research on the antiobesity effect of <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i> gold nanoparticles synthesized using a green approach and the efficacy instead of related inflammatory responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:55:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efeaccbbeadd46668eadf9391c40b0d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:55:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-efeaccbbeadd46668eadf9391c40b0d12023-11-23T08:49:45ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-04-01279279510.3390/molecules27092795Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene ExpressionReshmi Akter0Li Ling1Esrat Jahan Rupa2Jin KyuPark3Ramya Mathiyalagan4Jinnatun Nahar5Lee Jong Won6Kim Do Hyun7Mohanapriya Murugesan8Deok Chun Yang9Se Chan Kang10Gi-Young Kwak11Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaDepartment of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaKorea Hongsam Won, CO., 38, Ganghwa-daero 833beon-gil, Songhae-myeon, Ganghwa-gun, Incheon 23019, KoreaKorea Hongsam Won, CO., 38, Ganghwa-daero 833beon-gil, Songhae-myeon, Ganghwa-gun, Incheon 23019, KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaGraduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, KoreaNanoscience is a multidisciplinary skill with elucidated nanoscale particles and their advantages in applications to various fields. Owing to their economical synthesis, biocompatible nature, and widespread biomedical and environmental applications, the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using medicinal plants has become a potential research area in biomedical research and functional food formulations. <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i> (GP) has been extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine to cure several diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). This is the first study in which we examined the efficacy of <i>G. pentaphyllum</i> gold nanoparticles (GP-AuNPs) against obesity and related inflammation. GP extract was used as a capping agent to reduce Au<sup>2+</sup> to Au<sup>0</sup> to form stable gold nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by using UV–VIS spectroscopy, and TEM images were used to analyze morphology. In contrast, the existence of the functional group was measured using FTIR, and size and shape were examined using XRD analysis. In vitro analysis on GP-AuNPs was nontoxic to RAW 264.7 cells and 3T3-L1 cells up to a specific concentration. It significantly decreased lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 obese and reduced NO production in Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. The significant adipogenic genes PPARγ and CEPBα and a major pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α expression were quantified using RT-PCR. The GP-AuNPs decreased the face of these genes remarkably, revealing the antiadipogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of our synthesized GP-AuNPs. This study represents thorough research on the antiobesity effect of <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i> gold nanoparticles synthesized using a green approach and the efficacy instead of related inflammatory responses.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/9/2795obesityinflammation<i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i>gold nanoparticlesobesity-induced inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Reshmi Akter Li Ling Esrat Jahan Rupa Jin KyuPark Ramya Mathiyalagan Jinnatun Nahar Lee Jong Won Kim Do Hyun Mohanapriya Murugesan Deok Chun Yang Se Chan Kang Gi-Young Kwak Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene Expression Molecules obesity inflammation <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i> gold nanoparticles obesity-induced inflammation |
| title | Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene Expression |
| title_full | Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene Expression |
| title_fullStr | Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene Expression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene Expression |
| title_short | Binary Effects of Gynostemma Gold Nanoparticles on Obesity and Inflammation via Downregulation of PPARγ/CEPBα and TNF-α Gene Expression |
| title_sort | binary effects of gynostemma gold nanoparticles on obesity and inflammation via downregulation of pparγ cepbα and tnf α gene expression |
| topic | obesity inflammation <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i> gold nanoparticles obesity-induced inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/9/2795 |
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