Experimental Exploration of Unlicensed Sub-GHz Massive MIMO for Massive Internet-of-Things
IoT networks are getting overcrowded following the vast increase in number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and connections. Networks can be extended with more gateways, increasing the number of supported devices. However, as investigated in this work, massive MIMO has the potential to increase t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9539876/ |
| _version_ | 1797956346889371648 |
|---|---|
| author | Gilles Callebaut Sara Willhammar Andrea P. Guevara Anders J. Johansson Liesbet Van Der Perre Fredrik Tufvesson |
| author_facet | Gilles Callebaut Sara Willhammar Andrea P. Guevara Anders J. Johansson Liesbet Van Der Perre Fredrik Tufvesson |
| author_sort | Gilles Callebaut |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IoT networks are getting overcrowded following the vast increase in number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and connections. Networks can be extended with more gateways, increasing the number of supported devices. However, as investigated in this work, massive MIMO has the potential to increase the number of simultaneous connections and moreover lower the energy expenditure of these devices. We present a study of the channel characteristics of massive MIMO in the narrowband unlicensed sub-GHz band. The goal is to support IoT applications with strict requirements in terms of number of devices, power consumption, and reliability. The assessment is based on experimental measurements using both a uniform linear and a rectangular array. Our study demonstrates and validates the advantages of deploying massive MIMO gateways to serve IoT nodes. While the results are general, here we specifically focus on static nodes. The array gain and channel hardening effect yield opportunities to lower the transmit power of IoT nodes while also increasing reliability. The exploration confirms that exploiting large arrays brings great opportunities to connect a massive number of IoT devices by separating the nodes in the spatial domain. In addition, we give an outlook on how static IoT nodes could be scheduled based on partial channel state information. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:48:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-efef6ca97eec4c20a1dcfc55e2747f3f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2644-125X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:48:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
| spelling | doaj.art-efef6ca97eec4c20a1dcfc55e2747f3f2023-01-11T00:00:51ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society2644-125X2021-01-0122195220410.1109/OJCOMS.2021.31130889539876Experimental Exploration of Unlicensed Sub-GHz Massive MIMO for Massive Internet-of-ThingsGilles Callebaut0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-986XSara Willhammar1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5071-1631Andrea P. Guevara2Anders J. Johansson3Liesbet Van Der Perre4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9158-9628Fredrik Tufvesson5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1072-0784Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven (Gent Campus), Gent, BelgiumDepartment of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven (Gent Campus), Gent, BelgiumDepartment of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven (Gent Campus), Gent, BelgiumDepartment of Electrical and Information Technology, Lund University, Lund, SwedenDepartment of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven (Gent Campus), Gent, BelgiumDepartment of Electrical and Information Technology, Lund University, Lund, SwedenIoT networks are getting overcrowded following the vast increase in number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and connections. Networks can be extended with more gateways, increasing the number of supported devices. However, as investigated in this work, massive MIMO has the potential to increase the number of simultaneous connections and moreover lower the energy expenditure of these devices. We present a study of the channel characteristics of massive MIMO in the narrowband unlicensed sub-GHz band. The goal is to support IoT applications with strict requirements in terms of number of devices, power consumption, and reliability. The assessment is based on experimental measurements using both a uniform linear and a rectangular array. Our study demonstrates and validates the advantages of deploying massive MIMO gateways to serve IoT nodes. While the results are general, here we specifically focus on static nodes. The array gain and channel hardening effect yield opportunities to lower the transmit power of IoT nodes while also increasing reliability. The exploration confirms that exploiting large arrays brings great opportunities to connect a massive number of IoT devices by separating the nodes in the spatial domain. In addition, we give an outlook on how static IoT nodes could be scheduled based on partial channel state information.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9539876/Channel measurementslow-power wide-area networksmassive MIMOInternet-of-Thingssub-GHztest-bed and trials |
| spellingShingle | Gilles Callebaut Sara Willhammar Andrea P. Guevara Anders J. Johansson Liesbet Van Der Perre Fredrik Tufvesson Experimental Exploration of Unlicensed Sub-GHz Massive MIMO for Massive Internet-of-Things IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Channel measurements low-power wide-area networks massive MIMO Internet-of-Things sub-GHz test-bed and trials |
| title | Experimental Exploration of Unlicensed Sub-GHz Massive MIMO for Massive Internet-of-Things |
| title_full | Experimental Exploration of Unlicensed Sub-GHz Massive MIMO for Massive Internet-of-Things |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Exploration of Unlicensed Sub-GHz Massive MIMO for Massive Internet-of-Things |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Exploration of Unlicensed Sub-GHz Massive MIMO for Massive Internet-of-Things |
| title_short | Experimental Exploration of Unlicensed Sub-GHz Massive MIMO for Massive Internet-of-Things |
| title_sort | experimental exploration of unlicensed sub ghz massive mimo for massive internet of things |
| topic | Channel measurements low-power wide-area networks massive MIMO Internet-of-Things sub-GHz test-bed and trials |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9539876/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gillescallebaut experimentalexplorationofunlicensedsubghzmassivemimoformassiveinternetofthings AT sarawillhammar experimentalexplorationofunlicensedsubghzmassivemimoformassiveinternetofthings AT andreapguevara experimentalexplorationofunlicensedsubghzmassivemimoformassiveinternetofthings AT andersjjohansson experimentalexplorationofunlicensedsubghzmassivemimoformassiveinternetofthings AT liesbetvanderperre experimentalexplorationofunlicensedsubghzmassivemimoformassiveinternetofthings AT fredriktufvesson experimentalexplorationofunlicensedsubghzmassivemimoformassiveinternetofthings |