Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics
Abstract Background Emoji are pictograms frequently used in social networks capable of expressing emotions. These tools can provide insights into people's behavior that could not be obtained with the use of textual communication. Recently, emoji have been introduced to various research fields a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Progress in Orthodontics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-022-00418-3 |
| _version_ | 1817968776821342208 |
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| author | Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez Lucianne Cople Maia Luísa Schubach da Costa Barreto Mariana Farias da Cruz Lucas Alves Jural Mônica Tirre de Souza Araújo Matheus Melo Pithon |
| author_facet | Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez Lucianne Cople Maia Luísa Schubach da Costa Barreto Mariana Farias da Cruz Lucas Alves Jural Mônica Tirre de Souza Araújo Matheus Melo Pithon |
| author_sort | Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Emoji are pictograms frequently used in social networks capable of expressing emotions. These tools can provide insights into people's behavior that could not be obtained with the use of textual communication. Recently, emoji have been introduced to various research fields as successful alternatives to word-based questionnaires for measure emotional responses. The objective of this study was to preliminarily evaluate the discriminating ability and relationship of these tools with different occlusal conditions/malocclusions. Methods Online surveys were applied to adult individuals (n = 201; mean age = 27.4 ± 5.7; 37.3% males, 62.7% females). Subjects issued acceptance scores (10-point scale) and expressed their emotional status using a 30-emoji list in relation to nine occlusal conditions: C1–crowding, C2–anterior open bite, C3–interincisal diastema, C4–increased overjet + deep bite (Class II div. 1), C5–anterior crossbite (Class III), C6–ideal occlusion, C7–unilateral posterior crossbite, C8–anterior open bite plus bilateral posterior crossbite plus crowding, and C9–deep bite (Class II div. 2). Cochran's Q and McNemar tests were used to compare the frequencies of choice of emoji between conditions. Correspondence analyses were applied to assess the association between occlusal conditions and emoji. Kendall's correlation coefficient was calculated to evaluate the relationship between mean acceptance scores and frequency counts of each emoji. Results The frequency of choice between conditions showed a significant difference for 25 of the 30 emoji (P < 0.05), indicating an adequate discriminating ability of these tools. Emoji were grouped predominantly based on their emotional valence (positive/negative) and arousal/activation (high/low). Positive emoji were associated with the most accepted conditions (i.e., C6, C3), while negative emoji with the most rejected ones (i.e., C8, C1, C2). Although only weak, positive correlations between acceptance and positively valenced emoji, and negative correlations between acceptance and negatively valenced emoji were observed (P < 0.05). Conclusions Emoji have an adequate discriminatory ability and would allow determining emotional profiles in the face of different occlusal conditions. Further research is necessary to consolidate the use of these tools in an instrument that allows measuring emotional responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:12:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f0034c01c13e4285bf83b2d62dbb63fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2196-1042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:12:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
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| series | Progress in Orthodontics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f0034c01c13e4285bf83b2d62dbb63fb2022-12-22T02:31:48ZengSpringerOpenProgress in Orthodontics2196-10422022-07-0123111210.1186/s40510-022-00418-3Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodonticsGuido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez0Lucianne Cople Maia1Luísa Schubach da Costa Barreto2Mariana Farias da Cruz3Lucas Alves Jural4Mônica Tirre de Souza Araújo5Matheus Melo Pithon6Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal Do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal Do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal Do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal Do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal Do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal Do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal Do Rio de JaneiroAbstract Background Emoji are pictograms frequently used in social networks capable of expressing emotions. These tools can provide insights into people's behavior that could not be obtained with the use of textual communication. Recently, emoji have been introduced to various research fields as successful alternatives to word-based questionnaires for measure emotional responses. The objective of this study was to preliminarily evaluate the discriminating ability and relationship of these tools with different occlusal conditions/malocclusions. Methods Online surveys were applied to adult individuals (n = 201; mean age = 27.4 ± 5.7; 37.3% males, 62.7% females). Subjects issued acceptance scores (10-point scale) and expressed their emotional status using a 30-emoji list in relation to nine occlusal conditions: C1–crowding, C2–anterior open bite, C3–interincisal diastema, C4–increased overjet + deep bite (Class II div. 1), C5–anterior crossbite (Class III), C6–ideal occlusion, C7–unilateral posterior crossbite, C8–anterior open bite plus bilateral posterior crossbite plus crowding, and C9–deep bite (Class II div. 2). Cochran's Q and McNemar tests were used to compare the frequencies of choice of emoji between conditions. Correspondence analyses were applied to assess the association between occlusal conditions and emoji. Kendall's correlation coefficient was calculated to evaluate the relationship between mean acceptance scores and frequency counts of each emoji. Results The frequency of choice between conditions showed a significant difference for 25 of the 30 emoji (P < 0.05), indicating an adequate discriminating ability of these tools. Emoji were grouped predominantly based on their emotional valence (positive/negative) and arousal/activation (high/low). Positive emoji were associated with the most accepted conditions (i.e., C6, C3), while negative emoji with the most rejected ones (i.e., C8, C1, C2). Although only weak, positive correlations between acceptance and positively valenced emoji, and negative correlations between acceptance and negatively valenced emoji were observed (P < 0.05). Conclusions Emoji have an adequate discriminatory ability and would allow determining emotional profiles in the face of different occlusal conditions. Further research is necessary to consolidate the use of these tools in an instrument that allows measuring emotional responses.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-022-00418-3EmotionsExpressed emotionMalocclusionSurveys and questionnairesNonverbal communication |
| spellingShingle | Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez Lucianne Cople Maia Luísa Schubach da Costa Barreto Mariana Farias da Cruz Lucas Alves Jural Mônica Tirre de Souza Araújo Matheus Melo Pithon Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics Progress in Orthodontics Emotions Expressed emotion Malocclusion Surveys and questionnaires Nonverbal communication |
| title | Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics |
| title_full | Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics |
| title_fullStr | Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics |
| title_short | Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics |
| title_sort | emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics |
| topic | Emotions Expressed emotion Malocclusion Surveys and questionnaires Nonverbal communication |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-022-00418-3 |
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