Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure
Τoward a harmonized and standardized procedure for the determination of total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol content in virgin olive oil (VOO), the pros of a recently published in house validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) protocol are discussed comparatively with thos...
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MDPI AG
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/13/2429 |
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| author | Maria Z. Tsimidou Nikolaos Nenadis Aspasia Mastralexi Maurizio Servili Bojan Butinar Stefania Vichi Ole Winkelmann Diego Luis García-González Tullia Gallina Toschi |
| author_facet | Maria Z. Tsimidou Nikolaos Nenadis Aspasia Mastralexi Maurizio Servili Bojan Butinar Stefania Vichi Ole Winkelmann Diego Luis García-González Tullia Gallina Toschi |
| author_sort | Maria Z. Tsimidou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Τoward a harmonized and standardized procedure for the determination of total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol content in virgin olive oil (VOO), the pros of a recently published in house validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) protocol are discussed comparatively with those of other procedures that determine directly or indirectly the compounds hosted under the health claim on “olive oil polyphenols” (EC regulation 432/2012). Authentic VOOs were analyzed with five different liquid chromatographic separation protocols and <sup>1</sup>H-NMR one in five different laboratories with expertise in VOO phenol analysis within three months. Data comparison indicated differences in absolute values. Method comparison using appropriate tools (Passing-Bablok regression and Bland Altman analyses) for all protocols vs. the UHPLC one indicated slight or statistically significant differences. The results were also discussed in terms of cost effectiveness, detection means, standard requirements and ways to calculate the total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol content. Findings point out that the in-house validated fit for the purpose UHPLC protocol presents certain pros that should be exploited by the interested parties. These are the simplicity of sample preparation, fast elution time that increase the number of samples analyzed per day and integration of well-resolved peaks with the aid of only two commercially available external standards. Importance of correction factors in the calculations is stressed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T07:17:46Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f0042873eac842a2ba578042b1cc0682 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T07:17:46Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f0042873eac842a2ba578042b1cc06822022-12-22T00:33:27ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-07-012413242910.3390/molecules24132429molecules24132429Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) ProcedureMaria Z. Tsimidou0Nikolaos Nenadis1Aspasia Mastralexi2Maurizio Servili3Bojan Butinar4Stefania Vichi5Ole Winkelmann6Diego Luis García-González7Tullia Gallina Toschi8Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 541 24 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 541 24 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 541 24 Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, (UNIPG), Via San Costanzo s.n.c., 06126 Perugia, ItalyLaboratory of the Institute for Oliveculture, Science and Research Centre Koper (ZRS), Zelena ulica 8k, SI-6310 Izola, SloveniaDepartment de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomia, XaRTA, INSA-UB, Campus De l’Alimentació Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, 08028 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, SpainEurofins Analytik GmbH, Neuländer Kamp 1, 21079 Hamburg, GermanyInstituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Ctra. De Utrera, km. 1, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide—Building 46, 41013 Seville, SpainDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna (UNIBO), Piazza Goidanich, 60, I-47521 Cesena (FC), Bologna, ItalyΤoward a harmonized and standardized procedure for the determination of total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol content in virgin olive oil (VOO), the pros of a recently published in house validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) protocol are discussed comparatively with those of other procedures that determine directly or indirectly the compounds hosted under the health claim on “olive oil polyphenols” (EC regulation 432/2012). Authentic VOOs were analyzed with five different liquid chromatographic separation protocols and <sup>1</sup>H-NMR one in five different laboratories with expertise in VOO phenol analysis within three months. Data comparison indicated differences in absolute values. Method comparison using appropriate tools (Passing-Bablok regression and Bland Altman analyses) for all protocols vs. the UHPLC one indicated slight or statistically significant differences. The results were also discussed in terms of cost effectiveness, detection means, standard requirements and ways to calculate the total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol content. Findings point out that the in-house validated fit for the purpose UHPLC protocol presents certain pros that should be exploited by the interested parties. These are the simplicity of sample preparation, fast elution time that increase the number of samples analyzed per day and integration of well-resolved peaks with the aid of only two commercially available external standards. Importance of correction factors in the calculations is stressed.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/13/2429virgin olive oilhydroxytyrosoltyrosolhealth claimEuropean Commission Regulation 432/2012standardizationUHPLC-DADHPLC-DADLC-HRMS<sup>1</sup>H-NMR spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Maria Z. Tsimidou Nikolaos Nenadis Aspasia Mastralexi Maurizio Servili Bojan Butinar Stefania Vichi Ole Winkelmann Diego Luis García-González Tullia Gallina Toschi Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure Molecules virgin olive oil hydroxytyrosol tyrosol health claim European Commission Regulation 432/2012 standardization UHPLC-DAD HPLC-DAD LC-HRMS <sup>1</sup>H-NMR spectroscopy |
| title | Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure |
| title_full | Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure |
| title_fullStr | Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure |
| title_short | Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure |
| title_sort | toward a harmonized and standardized protocol for the determination of total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol content in virgin olive oil voo the pros of a fit for the purpose ultra high performance liquid chromatography uhplc procedure |
| topic | virgin olive oil hydroxytyrosol tyrosol health claim European Commission Regulation 432/2012 standardization UHPLC-DAD HPLC-DAD LC-HRMS <sup>1</sup>H-NMR spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/13/2429 |
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