Safety and efficacy of co-trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a systematic review.
<h4>Introduction</h4>Cotrimoxazole (CTX) has been used for half a century. It is inexpensive hence the reason for its almost universal availability and wide clinical spectrum of use. In the last decade, CTX was used for prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in HIV infected people. It a...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23451110/?tool=EBI |
| _version_ | 1818458942258282496 |
|---|---|
| author | Christine Manyando Eric M Njunju Umberto D'Alessandro Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden |
| author_facet | Christine Manyando Eric M Njunju Umberto D'Alessandro Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden |
| author_sort | Christine Manyando |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Introduction</h4>Cotrimoxazole (CTX) has been used for half a century. It is inexpensive hence the reason for its almost universal availability and wide clinical spectrum of use. In the last decade, CTX was used for prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in HIV infected people. It also had an impact on the malaria risk in this specific group.<h4>Objective</h4>We performed a systematic review to explore the efficacy and safety of CTX used for P.falciparum malaria treatment and prophylaxis.<h4>Result</h4>CTX is safe and efficacious against malaria. Up to 75% of the safety concerns relate to skin reactions and this increases in HIV/AIDs patients. In different study areas, in HIV negative individuals, CTX used as malaria treatment cleared 56%-97% of the malaria infections, reduced fever and improved anaemia. CTX prophylaxis reduces the incidence of clinical malaria in HIV-1 infected individuals from 46%-97%. In HIV negative non pregnant participants, CTX prophylaxis had 39.5%-99.5% protective efficacy against clinical malaria. The lowest figures were observed in zones of high sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance. There were no data reported on CTX prophylaxis in HIV negative pregnant women.<h4>Conclusion</h4>CTX is safe and still efficacious for the treatment of P.falciparum malaria in non-pregnant adults and children irrespective of HIV status and antifolate resistance profiles. There is need to explore its effect in pregnant women, irrespective of HIV status. CTX prophylaxis in HIV infected individuals protects against malaria and CTX may have a role for malaria prophylaxis in specific HIV negative target groups. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:06:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f014021ca17f41ecb7d3695cece6d2c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:06:28Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-f014021ca17f41ecb7d3695cece6d2c72022-12-21T22:44:19ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0182e5691610.1371/journal.pone.0056916Safety and efficacy of co-trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a systematic review.Christine ManyandoEric M NjunjuUmberto D'AlessandroJean-Pierre Van Geertruyden<h4>Introduction</h4>Cotrimoxazole (CTX) has been used for half a century. It is inexpensive hence the reason for its almost universal availability and wide clinical spectrum of use. In the last decade, CTX was used for prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in HIV infected people. It also had an impact on the malaria risk in this specific group.<h4>Objective</h4>We performed a systematic review to explore the efficacy and safety of CTX used for P.falciparum malaria treatment and prophylaxis.<h4>Result</h4>CTX is safe and efficacious against malaria. Up to 75% of the safety concerns relate to skin reactions and this increases in HIV/AIDs patients. In different study areas, in HIV negative individuals, CTX used as malaria treatment cleared 56%-97% of the malaria infections, reduced fever and improved anaemia. CTX prophylaxis reduces the incidence of clinical malaria in HIV-1 infected individuals from 46%-97%. In HIV negative non pregnant participants, CTX prophylaxis had 39.5%-99.5% protective efficacy against clinical malaria. The lowest figures were observed in zones of high sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance. There were no data reported on CTX prophylaxis in HIV negative pregnant women.<h4>Conclusion</h4>CTX is safe and still efficacious for the treatment of P.falciparum malaria in non-pregnant adults and children irrespective of HIV status and antifolate resistance profiles. There is need to explore its effect in pregnant women, irrespective of HIV status. CTX prophylaxis in HIV infected individuals protects against malaria and CTX may have a role for malaria prophylaxis in specific HIV negative target groups.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23451110/?tool=EBI |
| spellingShingle | Christine Manyando Eric M Njunju Umberto D'Alessandro Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden Safety and efficacy of co-trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a systematic review. PLoS ONE |
| title | Safety and efficacy of co-trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a systematic review. |
| title_full | Safety and efficacy of co-trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a systematic review. |
| title_fullStr | Safety and efficacy of co-trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a systematic review. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Safety and efficacy of co-trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a systematic review. |
| title_short | Safety and efficacy of co-trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a systematic review. |
| title_sort | safety and efficacy of co trimoxazole for treatment and prevention of plasmodium falciparum malaria a systematic review |
| url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23451110/?tool=EBI |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT christinemanyando safetyandefficacyofcotrimoxazolefortreatmentandpreventionofplasmodiumfalciparummalariaasystematicreview AT ericmnjunju safetyandefficacyofcotrimoxazolefortreatmentandpreventionofplasmodiumfalciparummalariaasystematicreview AT umbertodalessandro safetyandefficacyofcotrimoxazolefortreatmentandpreventionofplasmodiumfalciparummalariaasystematicreview AT jeanpierrevangeertruyden safetyandefficacyofcotrimoxazolefortreatmentandpreventionofplasmodiumfalciparummalariaasystematicreview |