Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic Complications
The hypoxic microenvironment caused by oral pathogens is the most important cause of the disruption of dynamic hemostasis between the oral microbiome and the immune system. Periodontal infection exacerbates the inflammatory response with increased hypoxia and causes vascular changes. The chronicity...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/10/1280 |
| _version_ | 1797513522137006080 |
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| author | Dilek Celik Alpdogan Kantarci |
| author_facet | Dilek Celik Alpdogan Kantarci |
| author_sort | Dilek Celik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The hypoxic microenvironment caused by oral pathogens is the most important cause of the disruption of dynamic hemostasis between the oral microbiome and the immune system. Periodontal infection exacerbates the inflammatory response with increased hypoxia and causes vascular changes. The chronicity of inflammation becomes systemic as a link between oral and systemic diseases. The vascular network plays a central role in controlling infection and regulating the immune response. In this review, we focus on the local and systemic vascular network change mechanisms of periodontal inflammation and the pathological processes of inflammatory diseases. Understanding how the vascular network influences the pathology of periodontal diseases and the systemic complication associated with this pathology is essential for the discovery of both local and systemic proactive control mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:17:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f02d5bfff8e9483fb6644b251de62f1f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:17:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-f02d5bfff8e9483fb6644b251de62f1f2023-11-22T19:33:31ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-10-011010128010.3390/pathogens10101280Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic ComplicationsDilek Celik0Alpdogan Kantarci1Immunology Division, Health Sciences Institute, Trakya University, Edirne 22100, TurkeyForsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USAThe hypoxic microenvironment caused by oral pathogens is the most important cause of the disruption of dynamic hemostasis between the oral microbiome and the immune system. Periodontal infection exacerbates the inflammatory response with increased hypoxia and causes vascular changes. The chronicity of inflammation becomes systemic as a link between oral and systemic diseases. The vascular network plays a central role in controlling infection and regulating the immune response. In this review, we focus on the local and systemic vascular network change mechanisms of periodontal inflammation and the pathological processes of inflammatory diseases. Understanding how the vascular network influences the pathology of periodontal diseases and the systemic complication associated with this pathology is essential for the discovery of both local and systemic proactive control mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/10/1280periodontal diseaseinflammationhypoxiavascular changes |
| spellingShingle | Dilek Celik Alpdogan Kantarci Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic Complications Pathogens periodontal disease inflammation hypoxia vascular changes |
| title | Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic Complications |
| title_full | Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic Complications |
| title_fullStr | Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic Complications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic Complications |
| title_short | Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic Complications |
| title_sort | vascular changes and hypoxia in periodontal disease as a link to systemic complications |
| topic | periodontal disease inflammation hypoxia vascular changes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/10/1280 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dilekcelik vascularchangesandhypoxiainperiodontaldiseaseasalinktosystemiccomplications AT alpdogankantarci vascularchangesandhypoxiainperiodontaldiseaseasalinktosystemiccomplications |