Chromatic Dispersion Measurements of Single-Mode Fibers, Polarization-Maintaining Fibers, and Few-Mode Fibers Using a Frequency Domain Method
Chromatic dispersion is an important fiber attribute affecting transmission performance over optical fibers. Various chromatic dispersion measurement methods have been developed primarily for single-mode fibers. In the literature, measurement techniques were also developed to characterize few-mode f...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Photonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/2/215 |
| _version_ | 1797618639703113728 |
|---|---|
| author | Xin Chen Jason E. Hurley Jeffery S. Stone Ming-Jun Li |
| author_facet | Xin Chen Jason E. Hurley Jeffery S. Stone Ming-Jun Li |
| author_sort | Xin Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chromatic dispersion is an important fiber attribute affecting transmission performance over optical fibers. Various chromatic dispersion measurement methods have been developed primarily for single-mode fibers. In the literature, measurement techniques were also developed to characterize few-mode fibers and multi-mode fibers. These methods are often subject to some limitations. In this paper, a simple and robust measurement method for chromatic dispersion measurement of single-mode fibers, polarization--maintaining fibers, and few-mode fibers is presented using a frequency domain instrument and a vector network analyzer. The method is applied to all three types of fibers through one measurement methodology uniformly. Using a vector network analyzer, the measurement instrument obtains the complex transfer function of fiber transmission. The inverse Fourier transform of the measured complex transfer function is used to determine the group delays for each mode of the fiber. Although the sampling is highly under-sampled for the whole fiber link, through proper treatment of the data, we can de-alias the signals and obtain accurate values of the group delays of each mode. By measuring the group delays over different wavelengths, the data can yield the chromatic dispersion of each mode over the wavelength window. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:16:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f033b1d76b514fc487cda7b6142d0f82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:16:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f033b1d76b514fc487cda7b6142d0f822023-11-16T22:45:57ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322023-02-0110221510.3390/photonics10020215Chromatic Dispersion Measurements of Single-Mode Fibers, Polarization-Maintaining Fibers, and Few-Mode Fibers Using a Frequency Domain MethodXin Chen0Jason E. Hurley1Jeffery S. Stone2Ming-Jun Li3Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USACorning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USACorning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USACorning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USAChromatic dispersion is an important fiber attribute affecting transmission performance over optical fibers. Various chromatic dispersion measurement methods have been developed primarily for single-mode fibers. In the literature, measurement techniques were also developed to characterize few-mode fibers and multi-mode fibers. These methods are often subject to some limitations. In this paper, a simple and robust measurement method for chromatic dispersion measurement of single-mode fibers, polarization--maintaining fibers, and few-mode fibers is presented using a frequency domain instrument and a vector network analyzer. The method is applied to all three types of fibers through one measurement methodology uniformly. Using a vector network analyzer, the measurement instrument obtains the complex transfer function of fiber transmission. The inverse Fourier transform of the measured complex transfer function is used to determine the group delays for each mode of the fiber. Although the sampling is highly under-sampled for the whole fiber link, through proper treatment of the data, we can de-alias the signals and obtain accurate values of the group delays of each mode. By measuring the group delays over different wavelengths, the data can yield the chromatic dispersion of each mode over the wavelength window.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/2/215chromatic dispersion measurementsingle-mode fiberfew-mode fiberpolarization-maintaining fibermulti-mode fibermulticore fiber |
| spellingShingle | Xin Chen Jason E. Hurley Jeffery S. Stone Ming-Jun Li Chromatic Dispersion Measurements of Single-Mode Fibers, Polarization-Maintaining Fibers, and Few-Mode Fibers Using a Frequency Domain Method Photonics chromatic dispersion measurement single-mode fiber few-mode fiber polarization-maintaining fiber multi-mode fiber multicore fiber |
| title | Chromatic Dispersion Measurements of Single-Mode Fibers, Polarization-Maintaining Fibers, and Few-Mode Fibers Using a Frequency Domain Method |
| title_full | Chromatic Dispersion Measurements of Single-Mode Fibers, Polarization-Maintaining Fibers, and Few-Mode Fibers Using a Frequency Domain Method |
| title_fullStr | Chromatic Dispersion Measurements of Single-Mode Fibers, Polarization-Maintaining Fibers, and Few-Mode Fibers Using a Frequency Domain Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chromatic Dispersion Measurements of Single-Mode Fibers, Polarization-Maintaining Fibers, and Few-Mode Fibers Using a Frequency Domain Method |
| title_short | Chromatic Dispersion Measurements of Single-Mode Fibers, Polarization-Maintaining Fibers, and Few-Mode Fibers Using a Frequency Domain Method |
| title_sort | chromatic dispersion measurements of single mode fibers polarization maintaining fibers and few mode fibers using a frequency domain method |
| topic | chromatic dispersion measurement single-mode fiber few-mode fiber polarization-maintaining fiber multi-mode fiber multicore fiber |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/2/215 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xinchen chromaticdispersionmeasurementsofsinglemodefiberspolarizationmaintainingfibersandfewmodefibersusingafrequencydomainmethod AT jasonehurley chromaticdispersionmeasurementsofsinglemodefiberspolarizationmaintainingfibersandfewmodefibersusingafrequencydomainmethod AT jefferysstone chromaticdispersionmeasurementsofsinglemodefiberspolarizationmaintainingfibersandfewmodefibersusingafrequencydomainmethod AT mingjunli chromaticdispersionmeasurementsofsinglemodefiberspolarizationmaintainingfibersandfewmodefibersusingafrequencydomainmethod |