Determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute traumatic brain injury patients

Purpose: Malnutrition is a common problem among hospitalized patients, especially among traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. It is developed from hypermetabolism and the condition may worsen under the circumstance of underfeeding or incompatible dietary management. However, the data of nutrient in...

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Main Authors: Mohd Ibrahim Abdullah, Aryati Ahmad, Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa, Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif, Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff, Muhammad Khalis Jasmiad, Nujaimin Udin, Kartini Abdul Karim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2020-10-01
Series:Chinese Journal of Traumatology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1008127520301115
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author Mohd Ibrahim Abdullah
Aryati Ahmad
Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa
Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif
Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff
Muhammad Khalis Jasmiad
Nujaimin Udin
Kartini Abdul Karim
author_facet Mohd Ibrahim Abdullah
Aryati Ahmad
Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa
Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif
Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff
Muhammad Khalis Jasmiad
Nujaimin Udin
Kartini Abdul Karim
author_sort Mohd Ibrahim Abdullah
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: Malnutrition is a common problem among hospitalized patients, especially among traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. It is developed from hypermetabolism and the condition may worsen under the circumstance of underfeeding or incompatible dietary management. However, the data of nutrient intake especially calorie and protein among TBI patients were scarce. Hence, this study aimed to determine the calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute TBI patients receiving medical nutrition therapy in hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Terengganu. Methods: This observational study involved 50 patients recruited from the neurosurgical ward. Method of 24 h dietary recall was utilized and combined with self-administered food diaries for 2–8 days. Food consumptions including calorie intake and protein intake were analyzed using Nutritionist PRO™ (Woodinville, USA) and manual calculation based on the Malaysian food composition database (2015). Results: Patients consisted of 56% males and 44% females with the median age of 28.0 (IQR = 22.8-36.5) years, of which 92% were diagnosed as mild TBI and the remaining (8%) as moderate TBI. The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was adopted to classify TBI severity with the score 13–15 being mild and 9–12 being moderate. The median length of hospital stay was 2 (IQR = 2.0–3.3) days. Calorie and protein intake improved significantly from day 1 to discharge day. However, the intake during discharge day was still considered as suboptimal, i.e. 75% of calorie requirement, whilst the median protein intake was only 61.3% relative to protein requirement. Moreover, the average percentages of calorie and protein intakes throughout hospitalization were remarkably lower, i.e. 52.2% and 41.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Although the calorie and protein intakes had increased from baseline, hospitalized TBI patients were still at a risk to develop malnutrition as the average intakes were considerably low as compared to their requirements. Optimum nutrient intakes especially calorie and protein are crucial to ensure optimum recovery process as well as to minimize risks of infection and complications.
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spelling doaj.art-f033ee1dec5245c3bff319553f85894e2022-12-21T20:56:07ZengElsevierChinese Journal of Traumatology1008-12752020-10-01235290294Determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute traumatic brain injury patientsMohd Ibrahim Abdullah0Aryati Ahmad1Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa2Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif3Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff4Muhammad Khalis Jasmiad5Nujaimin Udin6Kartini Abdul Karim7Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terenganu, Terengganu, MalaysiaFaculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terenganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; Corresponding author.Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terenganu, Terengganu, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terenganu, Terengganu, MalaysiaFaculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terenganu, Terengganu, MalaysiaFaculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terenganu, Terengganu, MalaysiaNeurosurgery Department, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MalaysiaDietetic and Food Service Department, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MalaysiaPurpose: Malnutrition is a common problem among hospitalized patients, especially among traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. It is developed from hypermetabolism and the condition may worsen under the circumstance of underfeeding or incompatible dietary management. However, the data of nutrient intake especially calorie and protein among TBI patients were scarce. Hence, this study aimed to determine the calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute TBI patients receiving medical nutrition therapy in hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Terengganu. Methods: This observational study involved 50 patients recruited from the neurosurgical ward. Method of 24 h dietary recall was utilized and combined with self-administered food diaries for 2–8 days. Food consumptions including calorie intake and protein intake were analyzed using Nutritionist PRO™ (Woodinville, USA) and manual calculation based on the Malaysian food composition database (2015). Results: Patients consisted of 56% males and 44% females with the median age of 28.0 (IQR = 22.8-36.5) years, of which 92% were diagnosed as mild TBI and the remaining (8%) as moderate TBI. The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was adopted to classify TBI severity with the score 13–15 being mild and 9–12 being moderate. The median length of hospital stay was 2 (IQR = 2.0–3.3) days. Calorie and protein intake improved significantly from day 1 to discharge day. However, the intake during discharge day was still considered as suboptimal, i.e. 75% of calorie requirement, whilst the median protein intake was only 61.3% relative to protein requirement. Moreover, the average percentages of calorie and protein intakes throughout hospitalization were remarkably lower, i.e. 52.2% and 41.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Although the calorie and protein intakes had increased from baseline, hospitalized TBI patients were still at a risk to develop malnutrition as the average intakes were considerably low as compared to their requirements. Optimum nutrient intakes especially calorie and protein are crucial to ensure optimum recovery process as well as to minimize risks of infection and complications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1008127520301115MalnutritionCalorie intakeProtein intakeTraumatic brain injury
spellingShingle Mohd Ibrahim Abdullah
Aryati Ahmad
Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa
Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif
Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff
Muhammad Khalis Jasmiad
Nujaimin Udin
Kartini Abdul Karim
Determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute traumatic brain injury patients
Chinese Journal of Traumatology
Malnutrition
Calorie intake
Protein intake
Traumatic brain injury
title Determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute traumatic brain injury patients
title_full Determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute traumatic brain injury patients
title_fullStr Determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute traumatic brain injury patients
title_full_unstemmed Determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute traumatic brain injury patients
title_short Determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub-acute traumatic brain injury patients
title_sort determination of calorie and protein intake among acute and sub acute traumatic brain injury patients
topic Malnutrition
Calorie intake
Protein intake
Traumatic brain injury
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1008127520301115
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