Chemical Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Native Grasses from the Floodplain Lowlands Ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia
Grasses from lowland ecosystems in flooded savannahs are useful to feed extensive grazing animals; however, scarce information about its agronomic and fermentation characteristics exists. This study aims to determine the chemical composition and fermentation parameters of native grasses from the flo...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/17/2760 |
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| author | Mauricio Vélez-Terranova Arcesio Salamanca-Carreño Oscar M. Vargas-Corzo Pere M. Parés-Casanova José N. Arias-Landazábal |
| author_facet | Mauricio Vélez-Terranova Arcesio Salamanca-Carreño Oscar M. Vargas-Corzo Pere M. Parés-Casanova José N. Arias-Landazábal |
| author_sort | Mauricio Vélez-Terranova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Grasses from lowland ecosystems in flooded savannahs are useful to feed extensive grazing animals; however, scarce information about its agronomic and fermentation characteristics exists. This study aims to determine the chemical composition and fermentation parameters of native grasses from the floodplain lowlands ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia. Three native grasses (<i>Leersia hexandra</i>, <i>Acroceras zizanioides</i> and <i>Hymenachne amplexicaulis</i>) and a “control” grass (introduced <i>Urochloa arrecta</i>—Tanner grass) were sown and sampled at 30, 40 and 50 days of age. On each sampling date, biomass production in a 1 m<sup>2</sup> frame was estimated, and the chemical composition and fermentation parameters were analyzed using near-infrared spectroscopy and the in vitro gas production technique, respectively. Data were analyzed using a mixed model for repeated measures and the least significant difference (LSD) was used for mean differentiation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The grasses’ nutritional characteristics varied as follows: dry matter (DM, 0.7–2.0 ton/ha), crude protein (CP, 6.1–12.2%), neutral detergent fiber (NDF, 56.6–69.6%), ash (5.8–15.8%) and dry matter digestibility (DMD) between 20.8 and 60.6% from 12 to 48 h of fermentation. Native plants such as <i>L. hexandra</i> and <i>A. zizanioides</i> presented higher biomass production, CP, ash, cellulose, and Ca levels than the control plant. During the experimental period (30 to 50 days), the grasses did not present significant nutrient availability changes. In terms of fermentation characteristics, <i>L. hexandra</i> increased ammonia concentrations and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and butyric acid. This latter effect was also observed in <i>A. zizanioides</i> grass. <i>L. hexandra</i> and <i>A. zizanioides</i> grasses constitute a valuable alternative forage resource during the flooding times of the studied ecosystem. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:29:15Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f037dd381043410d9baaa8b24d70d1192023-11-19T07:47:01ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-08-011317276010.3390/ani13172760Chemical Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Native Grasses from the Floodplain Lowlands Ecosystem in the Colombian OrinoquiaMauricio Vélez-Terranova0Arcesio Salamanca-Carreño1Oscar M. Vargas-Corzo2Pere M. Parés-Casanova3José N. Arias-Landazábal4Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira 763531, ColombiaFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Villavicencio 500001, ColombiaFedegan-Fondo Nacional del Ganado, Arauca 810001, ColombiaInstitució Catalana d’Història Natural, 08001 Barcelona, SpainFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Villavicencio 500001, ColombiaGrasses from lowland ecosystems in flooded savannahs are useful to feed extensive grazing animals; however, scarce information about its agronomic and fermentation characteristics exists. This study aims to determine the chemical composition and fermentation parameters of native grasses from the floodplain lowlands ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia. Three native grasses (<i>Leersia hexandra</i>, <i>Acroceras zizanioides</i> and <i>Hymenachne amplexicaulis</i>) and a “control” grass (introduced <i>Urochloa arrecta</i>—Tanner grass) were sown and sampled at 30, 40 and 50 days of age. On each sampling date, biomass production in a 1 m<sup>2</sup> frame was estimated, and the chemical composition and fermentation parameters were analyzed using near-infrared spectroscopy and the in vitro gas production technique, respectively. Data were analyzed using a mixed model for repeated measures and the least significant difference (LSD) was used for mean differentiation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The grasses’ nutritional characteristics varied as follows: dry matter (DM, 0.7–2.0 ton/ha), crude protein (CP, 6.1–12.2%), neutral detergent fiber (NDF, 56.6–69.6%), ash (5.8–15.8%) and dry matter digestibility (DMD) between 20.8 and 60.6% from 12 to 48 h of fermentation. Native plants such as <i>L. hexandra</i> and <i>A. zizanioides</i> presented higher biomass production, CP, ash, cellulose, and Ca levels than the control plant. During the experimental period (30 to 50 days), the grasses did not present significant nutrient availability changes. In terms of fermentation characteristics, <i>L. hexandra</i> increased ammonia concentrations and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and butyric acid. This latter effect was also observed in <i>A. zizanioides</i> grass. <i>L. hexandra</i> and <i>A. zizanioides</i> grasses constitute a valuable alternative forage resource during the flooding times of the studied ecosystem.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/17/2760chemical compositionfloodable savannasin vitro fermentationtropical forages |
| spellingShingle | Mauricio Vélez-Terranova Arcesio Salamanca-Carreño Oscar M. Vargas-Corzo Pere M. Parés-Casanova José N. Arias-Landazábal Chemical Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Native Grasses from the Floodplain Lowlands Ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia Animals chemical composition floodable savannas in vitro fermentation tropical forages |
| title | Chemical Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Native Grasses from the Floodplain Lowlands Ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia |
| title_full | Chemical Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Native Grasses from the Floodplain Lowlands Ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Native Grasses from the Floodplain Lowlands Ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Native Grasses from the Floodplain Lowlands Ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia |
| title_short | Chemical Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Native Grasses from the Floodplain Lowlands Ecosystem in the Colombian Orinoquia |
| title_sort | chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics of native grasses from the floodplain lowlands ecosystem in the colombian orinoquia |
| topic | chemical composition floodable savannas in vitro fermentation tropical forages |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/17/2760 |
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