Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilers
Abstract Recently, interest has increased in using bio-additives, herbs, and their extracts as feed additives because of their potential role in improving chick's health and productivity, especially during stress. Thus, our aim in this study is to examine whether nutritional supplementation (pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45868-9 |
| _version_ | 1797637012690305024 |
|---|---|
| author | Ahmed M. Elbaz Eman S. Ashmawy Safaa A. M. Ali Disouky M. Mourad Hanan S. El-Samahy Faisal B. Badri Hany A. Thabet |
| author_facet | Ahmed M. Elbaz Eman S. Ashmawy Safaa A. M. Ali Disouky M. Mourad Hanan S. El-Samahy Faisal B. Badri Hany A. Thabet |
| author_sort | Ahmed M. Elbaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Recently, interest has increased in using bio-additives, herbs, and their extracts as feed additives because of their potential role in improving chick's health and productivity, especially during stress. Thus, our aim in this study is to examine whether nutritional supplementation (probiotics and clove essential oils) will help mitigate the negative effect of heat stress on the bird by modifying the microbial content, boosting immunity, oxidative status, metabolic, and growth. In this study, three hundred one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were fed the following experimental diet: (CON) basal diet (control diet); (CEO) CON with clove essential oils (300 mg/kg); (PRO) CON with probiotics (2 g/kg); (PC) CON with probiotics and clove essential oils. Our results showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, nutrient digestibility, and digestive enzymes activities in broilers fed on PC, CEO, and PRO compared to the control group. Moreover, a significant decrease was recorded in the abdominal fat content and an increase in the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius, and higher antibody levels against Newcastle disease virus, as well as, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in interleukin 10 (IL-10) in all treated groups. Meanwhile, there was a decrease in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in all supplemented groups compared with the control group. Serum triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein concentrations, and alanine aminotransferase activities were significantly lower in the treated groups. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels were elevated (P < 0.05) and the malondialdehyde level value significantly decreased in all supplemented groups. The treated groups enhanced the ileum structure by increasing Lactobacillus, decreasing E. coli, and improving the morphometrically (P < 0.05). This study strongly suggests that clove essential oil and probiotic mixture can be used as a feed supplement to reduce the effects of heat stress by improving the growth performance and enhancing immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, as well as modifying the microbial community structure of the ileum of broilers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:42:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f03eb0bb12304d78b8eb35fec6b20a2e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:42:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-f03eb0bb12304d78b8eb35fec6b20a2e2023-11-05T12:15:25ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-11-0113111210.1038/s41598-023-45868-9Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilersAhmed M. Elbaz0Eman S. Ashmawy1Safaa A. M. Ali2Disouky M. Mourad3Hanan S. El-Samahy4Faisal B. Badri5Hany A. Thabet6Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research CenterPoultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research CenterPoultry Physiological Department, Desert Research CenterAnimal and Poultry Health Department, Desert Research CenterAnimal and Poultry Health Department, Desert Research CenterPoultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityPoultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityAbstract Recently, interest has increased in using bio-additives, herbs, and their extracts as feed additives because of their potential role in improving chick's health and productivity, especially during stress. Thus, our aim in this study is to examine whether nutritional supplementation (probiotics and clove essential oils) will help mitigate the negative effect of heat stress on the bird by modifying the microbial content, boosting immunity, oxidative status, metabolic, and growth. In this study, three hundred one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were fed the following experimental diet: (CON) basal diet (control diet); (CEO) CON with clove essential oils (300 mg/kg); (PRO) CON with probiotics (2 g/kg); (PC) CON with probiotics and clove essential oils. Our results showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, nutrient digestibility, and digestive enzymes activities in broilers fed on PC, CEO, and PRO compared to the control group. Moreover, a significant decrease was recorded in the abdominal fat content and an increase in the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius, and higher antibody levels against Newcastle disease virus, as well as, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in interleukin 10 (IL-10) in all treated groups. Meanwhile, there was a decrease in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in all supplemented groups compared with the control group. Serum triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein concentrations, and alanine aminotransferase activities were significantly lower in the treated groups. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels were elevated (P < 0.05) and the malondialdehyde level value significantly decreased in all supplemented groups. The treated groups enhanced the ileum structure by increasing Lactobacillus, decreasing E. coli, and improving the morphometrically (P < 0.05). This study strongly suggests that clove essential oil and probiotic mixture can be used as a feed supplement to reduce the effects of heat stress by improving the growth performance and enhancing immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, as well as modifying the microbial community structure of the ileum of broilers.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45868-9 |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed M. Elbaz Eman S. Ashmawy Safaa A. M. Ali Disouky M. Mourad Hanan S. El-Samahy Faisal B. Badri Hany A. Thabet Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilers Scientific Reports |
| title | Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilers |
| title_full | Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilers |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilers |
| title_short | Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilers |
| title_sort | effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance immuno antioxidant status ileum morphometric and microbial community structure for heat stressed broilers |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45868-9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ahmedmelbaz effectivenessofprobioticsandcloveessentialoilsinimprovinggrowthperformanceimmunoantioxidantstatusileummorphometricandmicrobialcommunitystructureforheatstressedbroilers AT emansashmawy effectivenessofprobioticsandcloveessentialoilsinimprovinggrowthperformanceimmunoantioxidantstatusileummorphometricandmicrobialcommunitystructureforheatstressedbroilers AT safaaamali effectivenessofprobioticsandcloveessentialoilsinimprovinggrowthperformanceimmunoantioxidantstatusileummorphometricandmicrobialcommunitystructureforheatstressedbroilers AT disoukymmourad effectivenessofprobioticsandcloveessentialoilsinimprovinggrowthperformanceimmunoantioxidantstatusileummorphometricandmicrobialcommunitystructureforheatstressedbroilers AT hananselsamahy effectivenessofprobioticsandcloveessentialoilsinimprovinggrowthperformanceimmunoantioxidantstatusileummorphometricandmicrobialcommunitystructureforheatstressedbroilers AT faisalbbadri effectivenessofprobioticsandcloveessentialoilsinimprovinggrowthperformanceimmunoantioxidantstatusileummorphometricandmicrobialcommunitystructureforheatstressedbroilers AT hanyathabet effectivenessofprobioticsandcloveessentialoilsinimprovinggrowthperformanceimmunoantioxidantstatusileummorphometricandmicrobialcommunitystructureforheatstressedbroilers |