Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability
A significant challenge in orthopedics is the design of biomaterial devices that are able to perform biological functions by substituting or repairing various tissues and controlling bone repair when required. This review presents an overview of the current state of our recent research into biomater...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/4/529 |
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| author | Valeria Allizond Sara Comini Anna Maria Cuffini Giuliana Banche |
| author_facet | Valeria Allizond Sara Comini Anna Maria Cuffini Giuliana Banche |
| author_sort | Valeria Allizond |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A significant challenge in orthopedics is the design of biomaterial devices that are able to perform biological functions by substituting or repairing various tissues and controlling bone repair when required. This review presents an overview of the current state of our recent research into biomaterial modifications to reduce bacterial adhesive ability, compared with previous reviews and excellent research papers, but it is not intended to be exhaustive. In particular, we investigated biomaterials for replacement, such as metallic materials (titanium and titanium alloys) and polymers (ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene), and biomaterials for regeneration, such as poly(ε-caprolactone) and calcium phosphates as composites. Biomaterials have been designed, developed, and characterized to define surface/bulk features; they have also been subjected to bacterial adhesion assays to verify their potential capability to counteract infections. The addition of metal ions (e.g., silver), natural antimicrobial compounds (e.g., essential oils), or antioxidant agents (e.g., vitamin E) to different biomaterials conferred strong antibacterial properties and anti-adhesive features, improving their capability to counteract prosthetic joint infections and biofilm formation, which are important issues in orthopedic surgery. The complexity of biological materials is still far from being reached by materials science through the development of sophisticated biomaterials. However, close interdisciplinary work by materials scientists, engineers, microbiologists, chemists, physicists, and orthopedic surgeons is indeed necessary to modify the structures of biomaterials in order to achieve implant integration and tissue regeneration while avoiding microbial contamination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:15:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f040061d08744bb3be51dde5490cd976 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:15:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f040061d08744bb3be51dde5490cd9762023-12-01T00:33:27ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-04-0111452910.3390/antibiotics11040529Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive AbilityValeria Allizond0Sara Comini1Anna Maria Cuffini2Giuliana Banche3Bacteriology and Mycology Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, ItalyBacteriology and Mycology Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, ItalyBacteriology and Mycology Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, ItalyBacteriology and Mycology Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Via Santena 9, 10126 Turin, ItalyA significant challenge in orthopedics is the design of biomaterial devices that are able to perform biological functions by substituting or repairing various tissues and controlling bone repair when required. This review presents an overview of the current state of our recent research into biomaterial modifications to reduce bacterial adhesive ability, compared with previous reviews and excellent research papers, but it is not intended to be exhaustive. In particular, we investigated biomaterials for replacement, such as metallic materials (titanium and titanium alloys) and polymers (ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene), and biomaterials for regeneration, such as poly(ε-caprolactone) and calcium phosphates as composites. Biomaterials have been designed, developed, and characterized to define surface/bulk features; they have also been subjected to bacterial adhesion assays to verify their potential capability to counteract infections. The addition of metal ions (e.g., silver), natural antimicrobial compounds (e.g., essential oils), or antioxidant agents (e.g., vitamin E) to different biomaterials conferred strong antibacterial properties and anti-adhesive features, improving their capability to counteract prosthetic joint infections and biofilm formation, which are important issues in orthopedic surgery. The complexity of biological materials is still far from being reached by materials science through the development of sophisticated biomaterials. However, close interdisciplinary work by materials scientists, engineers, microbiologists, chemists, physicists, and orthopedic surgeons is indeed necessary to modify the structures of biomaterials in order to achieve implant integration and tissue regeneration while avoiding microbial contamination.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/4/529prosthetic joint infectionsseptic looseningmultifunctional biomaterialsUHMWPEtitanium alloyspoly(ε-caprolactone) |
| spellingShingle | Valeria Allizond Sara Comini Anna Maria Cuffini Giuliana Banche Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability Antibiotics prosthetic joint infections septic loosening multifunctional biomaterials UHMWPE titanium alloys poly(ε-caprolactone) |
| title | Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability |
| title_full | Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability |
| title_fullStr | Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability |
| title_short | Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability |
| title_sort | current knowledge on biomaterials for orthopedic applications modified to reduce bacterial adhesive ability |
| topic | prosthetic joint infections septic loosening multifunctional biomaterials UHMWPE titanium alloys poly(ε-caprolactone) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/4/529 |
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